history - FidoNet

Time Pictures

Eduardo Marcal — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 15:40:48 GMT

Free pictures illustrating European history

http://www.euratlas.net/eon/

-- 
Eduardo
Sorocaba,SP - Brasil
internetado@jabber.org
...
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RESULT: comp.org.fidonet will be removed (2006)

Eduardo Marcal — Sat, 29 Oct 2011 23:26:32 GMT

                                 RESULT
                    comp.org.fidonet will be removed

The Last Call for Comments (LCC) on 15 Sep 2006 initiated a five-day
period for final comments.  Following the comment period, the Big-8
Management board has decided by consensus to remove the newsgroup
comp.org.fidonet.

This group will be removed on 27 Sep 2006.


RATIONALE: remove comp.org.fidonet

The last approved message was in May 1994.

Almost all of the content in the group was a re-posting of the FidoNet
Newsletter, which was also distributed over Fidonet itself.  It appears
that the Newsletter continued to be published after 1994.  I found an
edition as late as 2003.

Since the group had not been used for 13 years, and was always an 
auxiliary
distribution channel, there is no reason for keeping the newsgroup.


HISTORY:

The newsgroup comp.org.fidonet was created in April 1987, as a 
replacement
for mod.mag.fidonet.  mod.mag.fidonet appears in a January 1987 
checkgroups
message, but the group is not archived at Google.  From an Arbitron 
posting
it appears to have had some traffic.  The creation of mod.mag.fidonet
occurred in the midst of the Great Renaming.


DISTRIBUTION:

This document has been posted to the following newsgroups:

  news.announce.newgroups
  news.groups
  comp.org.fidonet
  comp.bbs.misc


PROPONENT:

Jim Riley <jimrtex@pipeline.com>



CHANGE HISTORY:

2006-09-22     Result Posting
2006-09-15     2nd RFD
2006-08-30     1st RFD

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RFD: remove comp.org.fidonet (2006)

Eduardo Marcal — Sat, 29 Oct 2011 23:25:40 GMT

                      REQUEST FOR DISCUSSION (RFD)
                        remove comp.org.fidonet

This is a formal Request For Discussion (RFD) to remove the
newsgroup comp.org.fidonet.


RATIONALE: remove comp.org.fidonet

The last approved message was in May 1994.

Almost all of the content in the group was a re-posting of the FidoNet
Newsletter, which was also distributed over Fidonet itself.  It appears
that the Newsletter continued to be published after 1994.  I found an
edition as late as 2003.

Since the group had not been used for 13 years, and was always an 
auxiliary
distribution channel, there is no reason for keeping the newsgroup.


HISTORY:

The newsgroup comp.org.fidonet was created in April 1987, as a 
replacement
for mod.mag.fidonet.  mod.mag.fidonet appears in a January 1987 
checkgroups
message, but the group is not archived at Google.  From an Arbitron 
posting
it appears to have had some traffic.  The creation of mod.mag.fidonet
occurred in the midst of the Great Renaming.


PROCEDURE:

The full (draft) group removal procedure is documented here:

  http://www.big-8.org/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=policies:rmgroup

Those who wish to comment on this request to remove this newsgroup 
should
subscribe to news.groups and participate in the relevant threads in 
that
newsgroup.

To this end, the followup header of this RFD has been set to 
news.groups.

All discussion of active proposals should be posted to news.groups.

If desired by the readership of closely affected groups, the discussion
may be crossposted to those groups, but care must be taken to ensure 
that
all discussion appears in news.groups as well.



DISTRIBUTION:

This document has been posted to the following newsgroups:

  news.announce.newgroups
  news.groups
  comp.org.fidonet
  comp.bbs.misc


PROPONENT:

Jim Riley <jimrtex@pipeline.com>


CHANGE HISTORY:

2006-08-15     1st RFD

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explorator 14.25

Eduardo Marcal — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 20:10:18 GMT

================================================================
explorator 14.25                             October 9, 2011
================================================================
Editor's note: Most urls should be active for at least eight
hours from the time of publication.

For your computer's protection, Explorator is sent in plain text
and NEVER has attachments. Be suspicious of any Explorator which
arrives otherwise!!!

================================================================
================================================================
Thanks to Arthur Shippee, Dave Sowdon, Wesley Smith,, Joanne Conman,
Diana Wright,Donna Hurst, Jennifer Cosham, Edward Rockstein,
Hernan Astudillo, Kurt Theis, John McMahon, Barnea Selavan,
Joseph Lauer, Mike Ruggeri, Richard Campbell, Richard C. Griffiths,
Bob Heuman, and Ross W. Sargent for headses upses this week (as always
hoping I have left no one out).
================================================================
EARLY HUMANS
================================================================
Evidence of a 400 000 b.p. (!)'production line' of stone tools at
Qesem Cave (israel):

http://www.jpost.com/Features/FrontLines/Article.aspx?id=240535
http://www.jpost.com/Sci-Tech/Article.aspx?id=240452
http://www.themedialine.org/news/news_detail.asp?NewsID=33400

Burial of three paleolithic dogs, one with a mammoth bone
in its mouth, from the Czech Republic:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44819678/ns/technology_and_science-science/

More on Neanderthals having a good diet:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44752400/ns/technology_and_science-science/

Review of Dean Falk, *The Fossil Chronicles*:

http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/culturelab/2011/10/evolutionary-
clues-from-ancestors-brains-1.html

================================================================
AFRICA
================================================================
African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter (September 2011):

http://www.diaspora.uiuc.edu/news0911/news0911.html
================================================================
ANCIENT NEAR EAST AND EGYPT
================================================================
A mummy coffin in the Torquay Museum turns out to be 3500
years old:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2046440/Sarcophagus-
lay-years-seaside-museum-owners-realised-3-500-years-old.html

http://www.thisissouthdevon.co.uk/Coffin-reveals-secret-past-
mummified-royal-boy/story-13481724-detail/story.html


New suggestion that those 'temples' at Goblekli aren't actually
temples at all:

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111006162535.htm
http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2011/10/07/Use-of-ancient-buildings-
in-Turkey-debated/UPI-21261318031564/

http://in.news.yahoo.com/worlds-oldest-temples-were-houses-men-not-
gods-115942076.html

http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-10-archaeologist-world-oldest-temples.html
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uocp-aaw100611.php

Again, we're hearing of plans to dig at Carcemish, once they clear the
landmines
(I think they're done?):

http://www.todayszaman.com/news-258491-excavation-of-historic-city-of-
karkamis-slated-to-begin-as-mine-removal-ends.html


Bronze Age dwellings from Jerusalems 'Holyland Hill':

http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/dig-at-jerusalem-s-infamous-
holyland-hill-uncovers-bronze-age-dwellings-1.387977


This should probably be a crime story, but excavation equipment was
found in the White Desert Natural Reserve:

http://english.youm7.com/News.asp?NewsID=345936

There's a new head of the SCA (can't remember if we had this last
week):

http://www.artmediaagency.com/en/28928/a-new-secretary-for-egyptian-
supreme-council-of-antiquities/


Meanwhile, despite the appointment of a new head of antiquities,
archaeological work is still at a standtill (there's all sorts of 
tidbits
in this one):

http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2011/1067/eg14.htm

... and elsewhere, we're getting reports that the temple of Amenhotep 
III
was flooded:

http://www.kv64.info/2011/10/temple-of-amenhotep-iii-flooded.html

What Donald Redford is up to:

http://dnj.com/article/20111003/NEWS01/110030313/1002/rss

The online version of the Dead Sea Scrolls is proving to be a popular
destination:

http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/virtual-dead-sea-scrolls-
get-more-than-a-million-hits-in-just-one-week-1.387769


... if you haven't checked it out:

http://dss.collections.imj.org.il/

Somewhat rambling feature on assorted powers in the Ancient Near East:

http://www.thetrumpet.com/?q=8715.0.139.0

Italy is going to help train Iraqi archaeologists and fix up the 
National
Museum:

http://www.azzaman.com/english/index.asp?fname=news\2011-09-30\kurd.htm

Egyptology News Blog:

http://egyptology.blogspot.com/

Egyptology Blog:

http://www.egyptologyblog.co.uk/

Dr Leen Ritmeyer's Blog:

http://blog.ritmeyer.com/

Paleojudaica:

http://paleojudaica.blogspot.com/

Persepolis Fortification Archives:

http://persepolistablets.blogspot.com/

Archaeologist at Large:

http://spaces.msn.com/members/ArchaeologyinEgypt/
================================================================
ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME (AND CLASSICS)
================================================================
6th century B.C. tombs from Kozani:

http://www.athensnews.gr/portal/3/48748

Looking for a Roman road in Stirling:

http://www.stirlingobserver.co.uk/stirling-news/local-news-stirling
/news-stirling/2011/10/05/archaeology-works-start-at-heritage-centre-
site-51226-29536401/


... and at Sandford Heath (I think this is different from the 
previous):

http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/9285882.Dig_hopes_to_answer_Roman_Road_riddle/

TV hype for a digital recreation of Pavlopetri:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15191614
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/10/111008130348.htm
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/archaeology/ancient-greek-
city-digitally-recreated-2367183.html


Apparently some folks didn't realize Putin's Black Sea
archaeological 'discovery' was fake?:

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2045848/Vladimir-Putins-Black-
Sea-scuba-diving-treasure-stunt.html

http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/spokesman-putins-scuba-dive-
treasure-was-staged/2011/10/06/gIQATPsmPL_video.html

http://www.telegram.com/article/20111006/DIGESTS/110069529/1052/RSS01&source=rss
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/video/video-putins-dive-treasure-
find-was-staged/article2192681/?utm_medium=Feeds%3A%20RSS%2FAtom&utm_s
ource=Home&utm_content=2192681

http://www.mercurynews.com/rss/ci_19049716?source=rss
http://www.thespec.com/news/ontario/article/604697--putin-s-discovery-
of-ancient-deep-sea-treasure-was-staged

http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/news/Putin39s-setup-ancient-jug-find.6848421.jp
http://www.smh.com.au/world/putin-treasure-dive-staged-says-chief-
spokesman-20111006-1la8s.html

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/06/vladimir-putin-spokesman-
urns-staged?newsfeed=true


More details about that Dionysus mosaic from Bulgaria that we mentioned
a few weeks ago (I think):

http://www.focus-fen.net/index.php?id=f2664

Interesting burial of humans and livestock in northern Greece:

http://straitstimes.com.feedsportal.com/c/32792/f/524622/s/191caf50/l/
0L0Sstraitstimes0N0CBreakingNews0CTechandScience0CStory0CSTIStory0I720
A9250Bhtml/story01.htm


Semi-touristy thing on Vindolanda:

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/travel-writing-competition/8812940
/Just-back-ordinary-treasures-in-Englands-Pompeii.html


Facebook's version of the Rise and Fall of the Roman empire:

http://www.collegehumor.com/article/6546880/facebook-news-feed-
history-of-the-world-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-roman-empire


Michael MacKinnon talks about 'Animals in the Agora':

http://www.ascsa.edu.gr/index.php/news/newsDetails/videocast-animals-in-the-agora/

What Garret Fagan is up to:

http://www.al.com/samford-
crimson/index.ssf/2011/10/davis_lecture_to_host_dr_garre.html


What Elizabeth Greene is up to:

http://communications.uwo.ca/western_news/stories/2011/October/uncover
ing_family_ties_across_the_ages.html


Lewis Lapham talks with James Romm:

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-10-07/elephants-trampled-losers-in-
battle-for-alexander-s-throne-lewis-lapham.html


A Classics student does the math:

http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/indialenon/100109604/why-tuition-
fees-are-terrible-news-for-the-humanities/


Reviews of *The Swerve*:

http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/books/2016424842_br07swerve.html
http://radioboston.wbur.org/2011/10/04/the-swerve/

Review of *Song of Achilles*:

http://www.businessday.co.za/Articles/Content.aspx?id=155028
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/arts/books/the-swerve-how-the-
world-became-modern-by-stephen-greenblatt/article2194842/

http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/books/2016424842_br07swerve.html

More lost legion nonsense:

http://en.ce.cn/National/culture/201110/03/t20111003_22736853.shtml
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-10/02/c_131172311.htm

Latest reviews from Scholia:

http://www.classics.ukzn.ac.za/reviews/

Latest reviews from BMCR:

http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/recent.html

Visit our blog:

http://rogueclassicism.com/
================================================================
EUROPE AND THE UK (+ Ireland)
================================================================
A prehistoric teen girl burial near a newly-found henge in Kent:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44806944/ns/technology_and_science-science/
http://news.discovery.com/history/perhistoric-teen-grave-henge-111006.html

A 2000 years b.p. salting site from Willow Tree Fen:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lincolnshire-15168543

A 1900 years b.p. hunting 'coat' from a melting glacier in Norway:

http://www.norwaypost.no/culture/melting-glaciers-reveal-ancient-
artifacts-25795-25795.html


A number of Anglo-Saxon skeletons found last year in Oxfordshire
were reinterred:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-15228557

A Pictish symbol stone from a Highland farm building:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-14881753

The petroglyphs at Altamira apparently continue to be at risk:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44808221/ns/technology_and_science-science/

Possible mass grave on the Batle of Shrewsbury site:

http://www.shropshirestar.com/news/2011/10/05/another-mass-grave-
under-shrewsbury-incinerator-site/


They're digging test pits at Bannockburn:

http://www.culture24.org.uk/history+%26+heritage/war+%26+conflict/pre-
20th+century+conflict/art365372


Newstead Abbey is now on the threatened list:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-15184025

Assorted Byzantine and Venetian fortresses in Greece are at risk too:

http://greece.greekreporter.com/2011/10/05/historic-byzantine-and-
venetian-fortresses-at-risk/


A number of WWI artifacts are turning up at Gallipoli:

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uom-hou100411.php
http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-10-hundreds-undiscovered-artefacts-gallipoli.html
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112395726/world-war-artifacts-
uncovered-at-gallipoli/index.html


Latest facial reconstruction is on a former Archibishop of Canterbury 
who
was
beheaded:

http://news.discovery.com/history/reconstructed-face-of-simon-of-sudbury-111003.html

Funding for Newcastle's Black Gate:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tyne-15173660

More on those 'kiddie petroglyphs' at Rouffignac:

http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-archaeologists-uncover-
prehistoric-pre-school-video.html


More on those Nevern Castle warding-off-evil inscriptions:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-west-wales-15153026

Archaeology in Europe Blog:

http://archaeology-in-europe.blogspot.com/

================================================================
ASIA AND THE SOUTH PACIFIC
================================================================
Paleolithic weapons from Sri Lanka:

http://www.dailynews.lk/2011/10/03/news11.asp

Studying a vanished city on the Silk Road:

http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2011/10/04/Vanished-Silk-Road-city-
studied-in-China/UPI-78801317774638/


The Taj Mahal is not on the verge of collapsing:

http://www.mid-day.com/news/2011/oct/081011-Agra-Taj-is-safe-experts.htm
http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2011/10/07/could-taj-mahal-collapse-in-2-years/

Floods are threatening the ancient city of Ayutthaya:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44772469/ns/weather/
http://www.voanews.com/english/news/asia/Thailand-Flooding-Threatens-
World-Heritage-Site--131329414.html


The Makli necropolis may be pur on the endangered list too:

http://www.omantribune.com/index.php?page=news&id=102601&heading=Pakistan

Radio feature on Aboriginal astronomy:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p00kdr09/Discovery_Aboriginal_Astronomy/
cf: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15098959

... and I think we've had some version of this 
Aborigines-reached-Asia-first
story:

http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20110930190112174

East Asian Archaeology:

http://eastasiablog.wordpress.com/2010/05/20/east-asian-archaeology-
cultural-heritage-%E2%80%93-2052010/


Southeast Asian Archaeology Newsblog:

http://www.southeastasianarchaeology.com/

New Zealand Archaeology eNews:

http://www.nzarchaeology.org/netsubnews.htm
================================================================
NORTH AMERICA
================================================================
Possible skeletal remains from the Battle of the Plains of Abraham:

http://www.montrealgazette.com/travel/Possible+remains+unearthed+from+
1759+battle+Plains+Abraham/5514166/story.html


Latest on at Zekiah Fort find in Maryland:

http://www.somdnews.com/article/20111005/UNKNOWN/710059729/1059
/archaeologists-find-so-md-holy-grail&template=southernMaryland


Hampton taverns were pretty high class a couple centuries or so ago:

http://www.wavy.com/dpp/news/local_news/hampton/old-hampton-taverns-served-the-elite

Environmental effects of tar on Chumash people heads over time?:

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/10/111006-tar-toxic-
pollution-chumash-health-indians-science-heads/


They're back poking around the Queen Anne's Revenge site:

http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/expedition-starts-nc-site-
blackbeards-ship-14668619

http://www.jdnews.com/articles/carteret-95774-county-expedition.html

Restoring the Park Avenue Armory:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/06/arts/design/park-avenue-armory-to-
get-swiss-makeover.html

================================================================
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA
================================================================
A round Aztec ceremonial platform found at the Templo
Mayor in Mexico City:

http://www.sfexaminer.com/news/2011/10/researchers-find-aztec-temple-platform-mexico
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/10/06/501364/main20117008.shtml
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/10/06/aztec-temple-mexico-city_n_999145.html
http://www.inah.gob.mx/index.php/boletines/17-arqueologia/5279
-descubren-plataforma-de-la-antigua-tenochtitlan

http://abcnews.go.com/m/story?id=14686834
Inca 'takeovers' were usually peaceful, apparently:

http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/335022/description/Inca_tak
eovers_not_usually_hostile


During restoration of a Mayan mural, some previously hidden figures 
emerged:

http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=430173&CategoryId=13003

A 1400 years b.p. village find leads to a Mayan road discovery:

http://www.dailycamera.com/cu-news/ci_19049230?source=rss
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-10/uoca-ctd100511.php
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112396418/ancient-mayan-road-
buried-by-volcanic-ash-1400-years-ago/index.html

http://www.denverpost.com/news/ci_19059963
http://www.denverpost.com/breakingnews/ci_19054421
http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-10-team-ancient-road-maya-village.html

Archaeologists have found remains of what may have been
the first Catholic church in Peru:

http://www.sfexaminer.com/news/2011/10/ruins-may-be-first-roman-catholic-church-peru
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/americas/archaeologists-think-
they-uncovered-ruins-of-first-roman-catholic-church-built-in-
peru/2011/10/07/gIQAJvOvTL_story.html


Trying to figure out obsidian beads from Teotihuacan:

http://www.idahostatejournal.com/news/local/article_20ad0fa6-ed89-11e0
-967c-001cc4c03286.html


Mike Ruggeri's Ancient Americas Breaking News:

http://web.mac.com/michaelruggeri

Ancient MesoAmerica News:

http://ancient-mesoamerica-news-updates.blogspot.com/
================================================================
OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST
================================================================
Archaeo News 200:

http://www.pasthorizonspr.com/index.php/archives/10/2011/podcast-200

Chinese researchers are suggesting climate change is behind much
'human crisis' in the past:

http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-10-chinese-early-climate-responsible-human.html

A missing medieval Spanish document turns up in a UVa library:

http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-10-wm-professor-chronicles-history-year-old.html

CNN had a feature on archaeology of 'garbage/trash' sites of various
periods:

http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/04/world/europe/archaeology-ancient-trash/

Interesting use of drones to help map burial mounds in Russia:

http://www.livescience.com/16443-micro-drone-archaeology-burial-sites.html
http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2011/10/07/Tiny-drones-used-in-
archaeology/UPI-28551318032850/


Nice feature (with photos) on underwater archaeology photography by Wes
Skiles:

http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/wes-skiles-photography/

Two (different)  'course description' type stories focussing on the
'marriage' of science and the humanities:

http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/Oct11/RiceCourse.html
http://www.whitman.edu/content/news/classicsfrontier

Richard Hodges gave a talk on matters relating to the Holy Grail:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZBb5CnQWyk&feature=uploademail

Suggestion that Archaeology degrees need some updating:

http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=26&storycode=417632

On the DNA front, they've traced a type of anemia back to southern 
Italy,
some 3000 years b.p.:

http://medicalxpress.com/news/2011-10-tracks-mutations-cda-ii-roman.html

Just so you know it's coming ... some guy has found a 'hidden code' in 
the
"Last Supper":

http://news.yahoo.com/real-life-da-vinci-code-found-hidden-last-134209947.html

This one touches on a pile of our categories ... all about how a 
'Frenchman
helped
invent the English garden':

http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/culture/harrymount/100056700/how-a
-frenchman-helped-invent-the-english-garden/


The World Monuments Fund's list of at-risk sites has come out:

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/05/us-world-monuments-idUSTRE7944C420111005
http://philanthropy.com/blogs/philanthropytoday/u-k-bus-depot-greek-
graves-among-monument-funds-at-risk-
sites/40687?sid=pt&utm_source=pt&utm_medium=en


Review of Steven Pinker, *The Better Angels of Our Nature*:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/09/books/review/the-better-angels-of-
our-nature-by-steven-pinker-book-review.html


Review of Sylvia Nasar, *Grand Pursuit*:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/09/books/review/grand-pursuit-by-
sylvia-nasar-book-review.html


http://www.ancientdigger.com/
================================================================
TOURISTY THINGS
================================================================
Nazareth:

http://israel21c.org/travel/rediscovering-nazareth

Greece/Athens:

http://www.deccanherald.com/content/196470/where-mythical-creatures-nature-come.html

Lesser-known citys of the ancient world:

http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/travel/of-goddesses-and-empire-20111006-1lbbi.html
http://www.smh.com.au/travel/of-goddesses-and-empire-20111006-1lbbi.html

Morocco:

http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/07/travel/destination-adventure-
morocco/index.html?section=cnn_latest

================================================================
BLOGS
================================================================
About.com Archaeology:

http://archaeology.about.com/

Archaeology Briefs:

http://archaeologybriefs.blogspot.com/

Taygete Atlantis excavations blogs aggregator:

http://planet.atlantides.org/taygete/

Time Machine:

http://heatherpringle.wordpress.com/==================================
==============================

CRIME BEAT
================================================================
Plenty of press coverage for yet another bust in Thessaloniki:

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/44808667/ns/technology_and_science-
science/t/greek-authorities-seize-smuggled-antiquities/#.TpF2jXK3N2I

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-15214974
http://ekathimerini.com/4dcgi/_w_articles_wsite1_1_07/10/2011_409792
http://greece.greekreporter.com/2011/10/07/priceless-antiquities-
seized-from-smugglers-in-thessaloniki/

http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2011/10/07/Smuggled-
antiquities-recovered-in-Greece/UPI-82911318015070/

http://www.focus-fen.net/index.php?id=n261119
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5g0tmwOiTlWOspC9bBVAp
vgZCxrEg?docId=b6971fe679c64c099eb2f23ea0a978d2


A number of Bibles from various places around the world were 'rescued' 
and
returned to Israel:

http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4131254,00.html

The Saudis have recovered a number of Mousterian artifacts taken
by a British national:

http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=20111005109989

Looting Matters:

http://lootingmatters.blogspot.com/

Illicit Cultural Property:

http://illicit-cultural-property.blogspot.com/

Safe Corner:

http://safecorner.savingantiquities.org/
================================================================
NUMISMATICA
================================================================
Iron Age gold coins from Kimbolton:

http://www.huntspost.co.uk/news/latest-
news/iron_age_gold_coins_discovered_in_kimbolton_1_1081859


Latest e-Sylum newsletter:

http://www.coinbooks.org/club_nbs_esylum_v14n41.html

... and the one that will come out later today:

http://www.coinbooks.org/club_nbs_esylum_v14n42.html


Ancient Coin Collecting:

http://ancientcoincollecting.blogspot.com/

Ancient Coins:

http://classicalcoins.blogspot.com/

Coin Week:

http://www.coinweek.com/==============================================
==================

EXHIBITIONS, AUCTIONS, AND MUSEUM-RELATED
================================================================
Archimedes Palimpsest:

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=a-tale-of-math-treasure

Egyptian Treasures from the Brooklyn Museum:

http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=50962

Warriors, Tombs, and Temples:

http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2011/10/-warriors-
tombs-and-temples-at-the-bowers-museum.html


Cleopatra:

http://www.jsonline.com/entertainment/cleopatra-reigns-in-new-museum-
exhibit-131230189.html


A Day in Pompeii:

http://www.thesunchronicle.com/articles/2011/10/06/go/10287813.txt
http://www.southcoasttoday.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20111006/ENT
ERTAIN/110060302

http://museumpublicity.com/2011/10/02/museum-of-science-opens-a-day-
in-pompeii-exhibition/


Mummy: Secrets of the Tomb:

http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/brisbane-hosts-egyptian-
mummy-exhibition-20111003-1l4lm.html


Athena: Goddess of the Acropolis:

http://www.athensnews.gr/portal/3/48495

Power Play: China's Empress Dowager:

http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=50848

Picasso's Drawings:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/07/arts/design/lines-that-kept-moving-
and-knew-no-boundaries.html


John Martin:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/01/arts/01iht-melikian01.html

Rome: From the Origins to Italy's Capital:

http://www.boston.com/travel/blog/2011/10/rome_comes_to_q.html

A Redcar museum is suddenly popular:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-15147976

The Greek and Roman stuff at Bonham's did quite well:

http://www.artdaily.org/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=50928

... elsewhere, estimates were a bit off:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/08/arts/08iht-melikian08.html

More commentary on the Met's new website:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/07/arts/design/the-metropolitan-
museums-new-web-site.html


Check out our Twitter hashtage for more ancient exhibition reviews:

http://search.twitter.com/search?q=%23classicalexhibit
================================================================
PERFORMANCES AND THEATRE-RELATED
================================================================
Tchaikovsky:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/08/arts/music/mariinsky-orchestra-at-
carnegie-hall-review.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/07/arts/music/carnegie-hall-opening-
night-gala-music-review.html


Reviving a lost work by Beethoven:

http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20110930185939795

Check out our Twitter hashtag for Ancient Drama reviews:

http://search.twitter.com/search?q=%23ancientdrama

... and for Sword and Sandal flicks:

http://search.twitter.com/search?q=%23swordandsandal
================================================================
ON THE WEB
================================================================
Digital Egypt:

http://www.digitalegypt.ucl.ac.uk/
================================================================
OBITUARIES
================================================================
Piero Weiss:

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/10/arts/music/piero-weiss-83-pianist-
and-musicologist-dies-at-83.html

================================================================
HUMOUR
================================================================
Ancient Grammar Police:

http://www.gocomics.com/nonsequitur/2011/10/06
================================================================
PODCASTS
================================================================
The Book and the Spade:

http://www.radioscribe.com/bknspade.htm

Stone Pages Archaeology News:

http://news.stonepages.com/

Archaeologica Audio News:

http://www.archaeologychannel.org/AudioNews.asp

Naked Archaeology Podcast:

http://www.thenakedscientists.com/HTML/podcasts/archaeology/
================================================================
EXPLORATOR is a weekly newsletter representing the fruits of
the labours of 'media research division' of The Atrium. Various
on-line news and magazine sources are scoured for news of the
ancient world (broadly construed: practically anything relating
to archaeology or history  prior to about 1700 or so is fair
game) and every Sunday they are delivered to your mailbox free of
charge!
================================================================
Useful Addresses
================================================================
Past issues of Explorator are available on the web via our
Yahoo site:

http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/Explorator/

To subscribe to Explorator, send a blank email message to:

Explorator-subscribe@yahoogroups.com

To unsubscribe, send a blank email message to:

Explorator-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com

To send a 'heads up' to the editor or contact him for other
reasons:

rogueclassicist@gmail.com
================================================================
Explorator is Copyright (c) 2011 David Meadows. Feel free to
distribute these listings via email to your pals, students,
teachers, etc., but please include this copyright notice. These
links are not to be posted to any website by any means (whether
by direct posting or snagging from a usenet group or some other
email source) without my express written permission. I think it
is only right that I be made aware of public fora which are
making use of content gathered in Explorator. Thanks!
================================================================


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



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Internetado
...
Rede-LUSO: news://rede-luso.dtdns.net - Brasil
| Arte, Cultura e Lusofonia | ( luso.* )
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Re: Not sure...

Mike Roberts — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 08:34:02 GMT

*** Quoting Kurt Weiske from a message to All ***


 KW> If this is a history echo on Fidonet or a Fidonet History echo. I'm
 KW> going to assume the latter. Does anyone have any old text files
 KW> they'd  like to post here?

At one time, way back in History, it was an echo on History. 8-)

Have a Good One!
Mike

... Trespassers will be shot, survivors will be shot again!

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Not sure...

Kurt Weiske — Tue, 20 Sep 2011 23:34:00 GMT

If this is a history echo on Fidonet or a Fidonet History echo. I'm 
going to assume the latter. Does anyone have any old text files they'd 
like to post here?


... "Proximity alert. Must be coming up on something." 
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Fidonews Vol. 1 No. 1

Kurt Weiske — Tue, 20 Sep 2011 17:59:56 GMT

fidonews.man --           04 Dec 84  00:56:08           Page 1

        Volume 1, Number 1                              1 Dec 84
        +----------------------------------------------------------+
        |                                             _            |
        |                                            /  \          |
        |    - FidoNews -                           /|oo \         |
        |                                          (_|  /_)        |
        |  Fido and FidoNet                         _`@/_ \    _   |
        |    Users  Group                          |     | \   \\  |
        |     Newsletter                           | (*) |  \   )) |
        |                             ______       |__U__| /  \//  |
        |                            / FIDO \       _//|| _\   /   |
        |                           (________)     (_/(_|(____/    |
        |                                                (jm)      |
        +----------------------------------------------------------+

        Editor:    Tom Jennings
        Publisher: Fido #1


                            HOT NEWS


                     THE FIRST FIDONET NEWSLETTER

                Well, it finally got done ... FidoNews, the FidoNet
        Users Group newsletter is real. It will be published once a
        week, possibly once every two weeks if it gets busy.

                There will be at least three regular "features": the
        node list, Fido list, and the route list. Hopefully there
        will be more interesting things later. Now you have a reason
        to get FidoNews.

                I, Tom Jennings, am apparently the editor. I do NOT
        wish to be editor; the last thing I need is something else
        to do. See the HELP WANTED section. (Not kidding)

                We (ahem) are also looking for a publisher; I will
        do that for a while at least. A freebie outgoing host would
        be nice. Not a short term problem, though, like finding an
        Editor in Chief is.

                *All* articles, etc are user submitted; anything and
        everything, as per usual Fidonet protocols (Which isn't
        saying much ..) Ideas, problems, questions, tips, programs,
        hardware, etc etc are all welcome. See the ARTICLE article.
        (sic)

                Distribution is still up in the air; it will be
        mailed to at least six hosts across the country. For now, it
        is available on #1 and #51. Possibly elsewhere in this thing
        you'll find an article on distribution.












fidonews.man --           04 Dec 84  00:56:15           Page 2

                       THE FIDONET USERS GROUP


                Oh yeah, I did mention that ... I hereby declare all
        Fido users and sysops members of the FidoNet Users Group.
        Sounds pretty stupid, huh? Well ... If there are 100 Fido
        systems around the country, and each has at least 100 users,
        thats 10,000 people. Any group that large has advantages, if
        nothing other than letters to the editor of your favorite
        magazine. This is just a brainstorm at this point, but is
        something to keep in mind.

                To make this fake club at least appear real, I am
        trying to decide whether or not to have bumber stickers
        made. This will be 3 3/4" X 8 1/2" white vinyl, with black
        artwork, will have the requisite doggie, the words "FidoNet
        Bulletin Board Network" and "Fido Node #" on it, and a place
        for a phone number, and blank space. These will cost $165.00
        for 500 stickers, or about $230.00 for 1000. I'll pay part
        of it ($40.00?) but no more; if I get promises to buy say
        $125.00's worth, I'll have them made, and sell them at cost.
        (They cost about 34 cents each; plus 20 cents postage, plus
        envelopes, etc, call it a buck a piece.)

                The real reason for this is so I can have one, but I
        don't want to spend $165 for it!
                        EDITOR'S SOAP BOX

                     ARTICLE SUBMISSION

                The format of this thing is totally ad hoc; please
        make recomendations as to formats, sections needed, liked,
        or hated, columns you'd like to see, or see removed,
        anything at all. If you want to submit something regularly,
        we can start a column for you.

                You are ENCOURAGED to send things in for the
        newsletter. ANYTHING is fit for the newsletter, such as a
        description of your board, problems found, questions, jokes,
        fixes, horror stories about wrong FidoNet numbers, things
        for sale, etc etc etc. 

                   SUBMITTING AN ARTICLE

                An article should have your name, node number (if
        applicable), followed by the text. Text can be any ASCII
        derivative; WordStar, soft paragraphs, 8th bit set, etc are
        all OK.

                Articles can be uploaded at either Fido #1 or #51,
        into the NEWS File Area, or by sending it by FidoNet. There
        is a convention for naming the files, so that the newsletter
        can be published automatically.

                       ARTICLE FILENAMES

                file.ART        For article type things







fidonews.man --           04 Dec 84  00:56:21           Page 3

                file.SAL        Things for sale
                file.NOT        Notices
                file.MSC        Miscelaneous things
                file.EDT        an Editorial
                file.NEW        News items
                file.WNT        Wanted items

                Make sure the name is unique, especially if you send
        it by FidoNet, so you dont overwrite another article.
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Peach Post

Jim King — Thu, 01 May 2003 18:51:40 GMT

* Quoting Phil Simpson from a message to Peach Post *

PS> I'm going to have to ask you to stop these "those born today type"
PS> posting. Some of them are incredibly long and as some sysops still
PS> use POTS to get their echomail, I think we should get back to the
PS> idea of this echo. If someone has something to talk about concerning
PS> history, fine, but these  automated posting need to stop. Thanks for
PS> your cooperation.

 Peach post is itself now history.

Jim

--- Peach v1.69
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T.I.H. for Thursday May 1st, 2003

Peach Post — Wed, 30 Apr 2003 04:00:22 GMT

                              Today In History
         Thursday May 1st, 2003 -- Day Number: 121 - Days left: 244


Those born today...

1238 Magnus VI Lagabuter, King of Norway (1263-80)
1493 Phillippus Paracelsus, Switzerland, physician/alchemist (or 11/10)
1545 Franciscus Junius, [Fran*ois du Jon], French/Neth calvinist theologist
1567 Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt, Dutch royal painter
1577 Fran*ois van Kinschot, Dutch treasurer
1582 Marco da Gagliano, Italian opera composer
1592 Johann A Schall von Bell, German missionaries/astronomer
1620 Mikl*s Zr*nyi, Hungarian general [or Jan 5]
1633 S*bastien le Prestre de Vauban, French fortress architect
1672 Joseph Addison, England, essayist (Spectator)
1735 John H van Kinsbergen, Dutch lt-admiral/founder of Dutch Marines Corp
1759 Jacob Albright, [Albrecht], German/US predictor
1764 Benjamin Henry Latrobe, engineer/architect (built Capitol)
1764 Gottfried Rieger, composer
1769 Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, British PM (C) (1828-30)
1771 George Guest, composer
1775 Jacob-Joseph-Balthasar Martinn, composer
1800 Ret Thomas Aloysius Dornin, Comm (Union Navy), died in 1874
1807 John Bankhead "Prince John" Magruder, Major General (Confederate Army)
1818 Jos* Amador de los R*os, Spanish historian/poet
1819 William Steele, Brig General (Confederate Army), died in 1885
1825 George Inness, US landscape painter (Delaware Water Gap)
1829 Jos* M de Alencar, Brazilian writer/minister of Justice
1830 Mary Harris Jones, [Mother Jones], hell-raiser
1835 Alfred Napoleon Alexander "Natti" Duffie, Brig Gen (Union volunteers)
1839 Chardonnet, inventor (rayon)
1851 Eberhard Nestle, German ori*ntalist/biblical scholar
1858 Anthony Johnson Showalter, composer
1859 Bohuslav Jeremias, composer
1859 Willem J Leyds, Dutch/South Africa lawyer/politician/diplomat
1862 Anthony G Kr*ller, entrepreneur/govt advisor/husband of Helene M*ller
1862 Marcel Pr*vost, French publisher/writer (Les demis-vierges)
1872 Hugo Alfv*n, Stockholm Sweden, composer (Midsommarvaka)
1880 Conrad Weiss, German writer/poet (Tantum dic verbo)
1880 Konrad Weiss, Dutch German writer/poet (Tantum dic verbo)
1881 Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, France, philosopher/paleontologist
1884 Felipe Boero, composer
1887 Alan Gordon Cunningham, Irish/Brit gen/director of Palestine (1945-48)
1892 Howard Barlow, Plain City Ohio, conductor (Voice of Firestone)
1895 Leo Sowerby, Grand Rapids Michigan, composer (Pulitzer 1946)
1898 Eugene R Black, US, Pres of World Bank (1953-62)
1899 J*n Leifs, Iceland, composer/conductor
19-- Art Fleming, Bronx NY, TV host (Jeopardy)
19-- Bruno Ravel, rocker (Danger Danger-Screw It)
19-- Carmen Montejo, spanish actress (Brainiac, Final Race)
19-- Darius McCrary, actor (Edward Winslow-Family Matters)
19-- John Diehl, Cincinnati Oh, actor (Det Zito-Miami Vice)
19-- Louis Nye, Hartford Ct, comedian (Steve Allen, Happy Days)
19-- Sharon Spelman, LA Calif, actress (Joyce-Angie)
1900 Ignazio Silone, Italy, novelist/politician (Bread & Wine)
1905 Leila Hyams, NYC, actress (Big House, Ruggles of Red Gap)
1907 Jan Pauw, CEO (Aruban Theater Group)
1908 Giovanni Guareschi, Italian writer (Don Camillo, Peppone)
1909 George Melachrino, composer
1909 Kate Smith, Virg, singer (God Bless America)/Phila Flyer luck charm
1909 Yannis Ritsos, Greek poet
1910 Cliff Battles, Akron Oh, NFL hall of famer (Braves, Redskins)
1912 Felipe Padilla de Leon, composer
1913 Walter Susskind, Praha (Prague) Czechoslovakia, conductor
1916 Glenn Ford, Quebec Canada, actor (Cade's County, Big Heat, Midway)
1916 Jack Paar, Canton Ohio, TV host (Jack Paar Show)
1917 Danielle Darrieux, France, actress (Alexander the Great, Mayerling)
1917 John Beradino, LA Calif, actor (Steve Hardy-General Hospital)
1917 Louis G "Lo" van Hensbergen, actor/author (Amsterdam Affair)
1919 Alwyn Farquharson, Scottish clan-captain/large landowner
1919 Dan O'Herlihy, Ireland, actor (Fail Safe, Last Starfighter, Robocop)
1921 12th Lord Middleton, English large landowner/multi-millionaire
1921 Paul Daels, president (Flemish Iron Pilgrimage committee)
1923 Joseph Heller, novelist (Catch-22, 1963 Arts & Letters Award)
1924 Earl George, composer
1924 Enrico Josif, composer
1925 Chuck Bednarik, Penn, NFL hall of fame center/linebacker (Phila)
1925 Malcolm Scott Carpenter, Boulder, astronaut (Mercury 7 (Aurora 7))
1927 Greta Andersen, Denmark, 100m freestyle swimmer (Olympic-gold-1948)
1927 Harry Belafonte, calypso singer (Banana Boat Song)
1927 Lord Bathurst, English earl/large landowner/multi-millionaire
1927 Roland Verhavert, Flemish screen writer (Sea Gulls Die in the Harbor)
1928 Raoul Servais, Belgian cartoonist
1929 Sonny James, [James Loden], rocker
1930 Little Walter, [Marion Walter Jacobs], rocker
1930 Ollie Matson, NFL halfback (Cardinals, Rams, Lions, Eagles)
1934 Alette Beaujon, Cura*aos poet (Gedichten on the Bay & Elsewhere)
1937 Bo Nilsson, Swedish composer (Doppelspiel)
1939 Judy Collins, Seattle Wash, singer (Send in the Clowns, Clouds)
1939 Max Robinson, Richmond VA, black news anchor (ABC Evening News)
1939 Ray Aranha, Miami FL, actor (Nick-Married People)
1941 Barbara Barendrecht, [BHM Wurfbain], actress (Dirty Picture)
1941 Juraj Hatrick, composer
1942 Stephen Macht, Phila Pa, actor (Joe-Knots Landing, Cagney & Lacey)
1944 Rita Coolidge, Nashville Tn, singer (Higher & Higher, We're All Alone)
1946 Bruce Robinson, actor (Story of Adele H)
1946 Jerry Weiss, NYC, rocker (Blood Sweat & Tears)
1946 Joanna Lumley, Kashmir India, actress (On Her Majesty's Secret Serv)
1946 Nick Fortune, [Nicholas Fortuna], rock bassist (Buckinghams Chicago)
1946 Valentin Muratov, USSR, floor exercise gymnist (Olympic-gold-1956)
1947 Carlos Ward, rocker (B T Express)
1948 James Wise, US soul singer (Archie Bell & the Drells)
1949 Douglas Barr, Cedar Rapids Iowa, actor (Howie-Fall Guy)
1950 Marina Stepanova, Russian hurdler (world record 1986)
1953 Felix Hanemann, rocker (Zebra)
1954 Michael Scott, reporter (Entertainment Tonight)
1954 Ray Parker Jr, Detroit Mich, rock guitarist/vocalist (Ghostbusters)
1956 Byron Stewart, Baxter Springs Ks, actor (Warren-St Elsewhere)
1957 Dick Swett, (Rep-D-New Hampshire)
1957 Steve Farris, rock guitarist (Mr Mister)
1959 Paul Smith, rock saxophonist (Haircut 100)
1960 Steven Cauthen, jockey (1978 Kentucky Derby)
1961 Charlie O'Brien, baseball catcher (Brewers, Mets, Braves)
1964 Carlos Aalbers, soccer player (NEC)
1964 Sarah FE Armstrong-Jones, daughter of princess Margaret & Lord Snowdon
1965 Debi Diamond, [Shelly Rey], XXX actress ($exce$$, Bet, Bend Over)
1966 Charlie Schlatter, NYC, actor (18 Again, Heartbreak Hotel)
1966 Johnny Colt, Cherry Point NC, rock bassist (Black Crowes)
1967 Scott Coffey, HI, actor (Satisfaction, Shout)
1967 Tawni Cable, Salem Oregon, playmate (June 1989)
1968 Anton Scheutjens, soccer player (Roda JC)
1968 Mark Scott, Paramus NJ, rock drummer (Trixter-Give It To Me Good)
197- Roy Rosello, singer (Menudo-Cannonball)
1974 Keri Phebus, Laguna Beach Calif, tennis star


Those who died today...

1171 Dermot MacMurrough, last Irish King of Leinster, dies
1277 Stefanus IV Uros I de Great, King of Serbia (1243-76), dies
1308 Albrecht I van Habsburg, German King (1298-1308), murdered
1447 Louis VII, Duke of Baveria (1413-43), dies
1456 Hugues de Lannoy, Flemish viceroy of Holland/Zealand, dies
1471 Thomas a Kempis, spiritual writer (Navolging of Christ), dies at 91
1555 Marcellus II, [Marcello Cervini], Italian Pope (1555), dies at 53
1572 Pius V, [Antonio Ghislieri], great-inquisiteur/Pope (1566-72), dies
1679 Esaias Reusner, composer, dies at 43
1700 John Dryden, English poet/playwright (Rival Ladies), dies
1703 Kiva Yoshinaka, Japanese monarch, murdered
1733 Nicolas Coustou, French sculptor (Sa*n), dies at 75
1772 Gottfried Achenwall, German lawyer/statistics/economist, dies at 52
1831 Antonius van Alphen, apostle vicar of De Bosch, dies at 82
1863 Edward Dorr Tracy, US Confederate brig-general, dies in battle at 29
1870 Francisco Solano L*pez, fieldmarshal/president of Paraguay
1872 Amalia, princess of Weimar/wife of prince Hendrik the Navigator, dies
1873 David Livingstone, British physician/explorer (Africa), dies at 60
1874 Vilem Blodek, composer, dies at 39
1886 Conrad Busken Huet, writer (Country of Rubens)
1886 Heinrich Franz Daniel Stiehl, composer, dies at 56
1892 Willem A Scholten, manufacturer (potatoes), dies at 89
1896 Nasr-ed-Din, shah of Persia (184.-96), murdered at 65
1898 Alphonse Wauters, Belgian historian, dies at 81
1900 Mih*ly von Munk*csy, [Michael von Lieb], German painter, dies at 56
1902 John Glover, English chemist (production sulfuric acid), dies at 85
1903 Luigi Arditi, composer, dies at 80
1904 Anton*n Dvorak, Czech composer (Slavic Dancing), dies at 62
1917 Jos* E Rodo, Uruguayan writer (Motivos de proteo), dies
1921 Louis Campbell-Tipton, composer, dies at 43
1924 August Cuppens, Flemish author (Limburgs Driemanschap), dies at 62
1926 Nicolaus Adriani, translator (Middle-Celebes Language), dies at 60
1932 Paul Doumer, Pres France (1931-32), assassin by Russia's Paul Gargalov
1934 Alexander Alexandrovich Davidenko, composer, dies at 35
1937 Snitz Edwards, actor (Phantom of the Opera, College), dies at 75
1939 Wilhelm Normann, German chemist (harden van oli*n), dies
1941 John R Locksmith de Brown, vicar/CHU-politician, dies at 71
1945 Desider Antalffy-Zsiross, Hungarian organist/composer, dies at 59
1945 Paul Josef Goebbels, Nazi minister on propoganda, commits suicide
1946 Edward Cuthbert Bairstow, composer, dies at 71
1946 Percy William Whitlock, composer, dies at 43
1947 Sanner, leader of Norger blood bath, executed
1948 Christos Ladas, Greek minister of Justice, murdered
1952 William Fox, US film pioneer (Nickelodeon), dies
1954 Tom Tyler, actor (Lost Ranch, Coyote Trails), dies at 50
1957 Grant Mitchell, actor (Great Lie, Laura, Cairo, Conflict), dies at 82
1959 Oscar Torp, Norwegian premier, dies
1965 Leo Spies, composer, dies at 66
1965 Spike Jones, composer (Spike Jones Show), dies at 53
1968 Harold G Nicolson, English author (English sense of humor), dies at 71
1969 Ella Logan, actress (52nd Street, Woman Chases Man), dies at 56
1971 Edith Day, actress (Romance of Air), dies at 75
1971 Glenda Farrell, actress (Grand Slam, Exposed), dies at 66
1972 Fernand Ansseau, Belgian operator (Orfeo), dies at 82
1976 Rex O'Malley, actor (Camille, Zara, Midnight, Thief), dies at 75
1978 Aram Il'yich Khachaturian, composer, dies at 75
1978 Aram Katchaturian, Armeens/Russian composer (The earth), dies
1981 Clarence A Bacote, historian/political scientist, dies at 75
1982 Gene Sheldon, actor (Bernardo-Zorro), dies at 72
1984 Gordon Jenkins, orch leader (NBC Comedy Hour), dies at 73
1988 Carroll Righter, astrologer, dies at 88 of postrate cancer
1988 Paolo Stoppa, actor (Garibaldi, Visit, Freedom Fighters), dies
1989 David Webster, South African white anti-apartheids activist, murdered
1989 Douglas Watson, actor (Satan Murders), dies at 68
1989 Marion Mack, actress (General), dies
1990 Sunset Carson, cowboy actor (El Paso Kid, Oregon Trail), dies at 62
1991 Richard Thorpe, director (Jailhouse Rock, Night Must Fall), dies
1993 Hans [Henri EA] Tuynman, provo (Full-time Provo), dies at 50
1993 Pierre B*r*govoy, French premier (1992-93), commits suicide at 67
1993 Ranasinghe Premadasa, president (Sri Lanka, 1989-93), murdered at 68
1994 Ayrton Senna da Silva, Brazil's Formula 1 driver, dies at 34
1994 Imre Gy*ngy*ssy, Hungarian director, dies at 64


Things that happened today...

 305 Emperor Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Jovius of Rome resigns
1006 Supernova observed by Chinese & Egyptians in constellation Lupus
1048 Bishop Bernold flees St Pieterskerk for Utrecht Neth
1394 Ekiho, exorcised the Zen temple & it's surroundings from an old badger
1523 Danish king Christian III arrives in Veere
1528 P*nfilo the Narva*z begins exploration to with 350 men to Florida
1544 Turkish troops occupy Hungary
1551 Council of Trente resumes
1598 Jacob van Necks merchant fleet departs for Java
1625 Portuguese & Spanish expedition recaptures Salvador (Bahia)
1625 Prince Frederik Henry appointed viceroy of Holland
1628 Meiboom in Quincy Mass) degenerates into orgy with indian women
1682 Louis XIV & his court inaugurates Paris Observatory
1703 Battle at Rultusk: Swedish army beats Russians
1707 England, Wales & Scotland form UK of Great Britain
1711 Arch duke Karel of Austria/Hungarian rebellion sign Peace of Szatmar
1715 Prussia declares war on Sweden
1725 Spain & Austria sign trade treaty
1751 1st American cricket match was played
1756 France & Austria sign alliance
1757 Austria & France divide Prussia
1759 British fleet occupies Guadeloupe, West-Indies, on France
1776 Adam Weishaupt founds secret society of Illuminati
1777 RB Sheridans "School for Scandal," premieres in London
1781 Emperor Jozef II decrees protection of population
1786 Mozart's opera "Marriage of Figaro" premieres in Wien (Vienna)
1822 John Phillips becomes 1st mayor of Boston
1834 Belgian parliament accept railway laws
1840 1st adhesive postage stamps ("Penny Blacks" from England) issued
1841 1st emigrant wagon train leaves Independence, Missouri for Calif
1844 Samuel Morse sends 1st telegraphic message
1844 Whig convention nominates Henry Clay as presidential candidate
1846 Ida Pfeiffer (48) begins trip around world
1850 John Geary becomes 1st SF mayor
1851 Great Exhibition opens in Chrystal Palace London
1853 Argentina adopts it's constitution
1854 Amsterdam begins transferring drinking water out of the dunes
1857 William Walker, conqueror of Nicaragua, surrenders to US Navy
1861 Lee orders Confederate troops under T J Jackson to Harper's Ferry
1862 Union captain David Farragut conquers New Orleans
1863 Battle of Chancellorsville, VA (29,000 injured or died)
1863 Battle of Port Gibson, Mississippi
1863 Confederate "National Flag" replaces "Stars & Bars"
1863 Confederate congress passed resolution to kill black soldiers
1864 -8] Battle at Alexandria, Louisiana (Red River Campaign)
1864 Atlanta campaign, GA
1864 Wilderness campaign
1867 Howard University chartered
1867 Reconstruction of South begins, black voter registration
1869 A colt is reported killed by a meteorite near New Concord, Ohio
1869 Folies Berg*re opens in Paris
1873 1st US postal card issued
1873 Emperor Franz Jozef opens 5th World's Fair in Vienna
1873 International Exhibition opens in Vienna
1875 238 members of "Whiskey Ring" accused of anti-US activities
1883 Amsterdam World's Fair opens
1883 Baseball returns to Phila, 1st NL game since 1876
1883 NY Athletic Club hires Bob Rogers as 1st American pro sports trainer
1884 Construction begins on Chicago 1st skyscraper (10 stories)
1884 Moses Walker became 1st black player in major league
1885 Maria "Goeie Mie" Swanenburg sentence to life for killing 27 in Neth
1886 US general strike for 8 hour day, begins
1889 1st International Workers Day, according to 2nd International
1889 Bayer introduces aspirin in powder form (Germany)
1891 Cy Young pitches 1st game played in Cleveland's League Park
     Cleveland Spiders 12, Cincinnati Redlegs 3
1892 US Quarantine Station opens on Angel Island, SF Bay
1893 World Columbian Exposition opens in Chicago
1898 George Dewey commands, "You may fire when you are ready, Gridley"
     as US route Spanish fleet at Manila
1900 Premature blast collapses mine tunnel killing 200 at Scofield, Utah
1900 Roermond soccer team forms in Roermond
1901 Detroit Tigers commit 12 errors against Chicago White Sox
1901 Herb McFarland hit 1st grand slam in American League
1901 Pan-American Exposition opens in Buffalo
1906 Phillie's John Lush no-hits Bkln Dodgers, 6-0
1907 Belgium govt of De Trooz forms
1907 Indian Mine Laws passes (concessions from Neth-Indies)
1908 World's most intense shower (2.47" in 3 minutes) at Portobelo Panama
1909 Netherlands begins unity with Belgium
1912 Amsterdam-North soccer team DWV forms
1914 China's 1st president Yuan Shikai wins dictatorial qualification
1915 British Lusitania leaves NY, for Liverpool
1915 German submarine sinks US ship Gulflight
1919 Mount Kelud (Indonesia) erupts, boiling crater lake which broke
     through crater wall killing 5,000 people in 104 small villages
1920 Babe Ruth's 1st Yankee HR & 50th of career, out of Polo Grounds
1920 Belgian-Luxembourg toll tunnel opens
1920 Brooklyn Dodgers tie Boston Braves, 1-1, in 26 innings
1921 Drusian sultan Pasja al-Atrasj elected governor of Suwayda
1923 Earl Sande aboard Zev wins Kentucky Derby
1924 Admiral Paul Koundouri*tis becomes president of Greece
1925 Cyprus becomes a British Crown Colony
1926 British coal-miners go on strike
1926 Brooklyn Dodgers & Boston Braves deadlock at 1-1 in 26 innings
1926 Satchel Paige makes pitching debut in Negro Southern League
1927 1st British airliner to serve cooked meals (Imperial Airways)
1927 Netherlands beats Belgium 3-2 in soccer match in Amsterdam
1927 Panningen soccer team forms in Panningen
1928 6 children die & 10 injured by hailstones in Klausenburg, Romania
1928 Drunken fascist Erich Wichman attacks VARA-radio transmitter
1928 Lei Day begun (a Hawaiian celebration)
1928 Pitcairn Airlines (later Eastern) begins service
1928 Rotterdam soccer team Black White '28 forms
1929 Brooklyn's Johnny Finn sets 100 yard sack race in 14.4 seconds
1929 Farm workers strike begins in East-Groningen
1929 Police kill 19 Mayday demonstrators in Berlin
1931 Empire State Building opens in NYC
1931 Norway claims Peter I Island
1931 Singer Kate Smith begins her long-running radio program on CBS
1932 1st Suriname union congress at Paramaribo
1934 Austria signs pact with Vatican
1934 Philippine legislature accepts US proposal for independence
1934 Water state kingdom dismisses NSB-leader Anton Mussert
1935 Canada's 1st silver dollar is circulated
1936 Emperor Haile Selassie leaves Ethiopia as Italian invades
1936 FBI's J Edgar Hoover arrests Alvin Karpis
1937 FDR signs act of neutrality
1939 Batman comics hit street
1939 Pulitzer Prize awarded to Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings (Yearling)
1940 140 Palestinian Jews die as German planes bomb their ship
1940 The 1940 Olympics are cancelled
1941 "Citizen Kane," directed & starring Orson Welles, premieres in NY
1941 German assault on Tobruk
1942 Radio Orange calls to defy order to wear "Jewish star"
1943 1st edition of illegal "The Free Artist" appears in Amsterdam
1943 German Wehrmacht deployed in order to break Dutch strikes
1943 German plane sinks boat loaded with Palestinian Jews bound for Malta
1943 Johnny Longden on Count Fleet wins 69th Kentucky Derby (2:04)
1943 Rauter signs unofficial death sentence
1943 food rationing begins in US
1944 Messerschmitt Me 262 Sturmvogel, 1st jet bomber, makes 1st flight
1944 Pulitzer prize awarded to Martin Flavin (Journey in the dark)
1944 Surprise attack on Weteringschans Amsterdam, fails
1945 900 occupiers of Demmin Vorpommeren, commit suicide
1945 Admiral D*nitz forms German government
1945 Australian & Dutch troops lands on Tarakan
1945 General Belgian Labor Union (ABVV) party forms
1945 Radio Budapest, Hungary re-enters shortwave broadcasting after WW II
1945 Seys-Inquart flees to Flensburg
1945 Soviet army reach Rostock
1946 Fieldmarshal Montgomery appointed British supreme commander
1946 Mrs Emma Clarissa Clement named "American Mother of Year"
1947 Radar for coml & private planes 1st demonstrated
1947 Vice Adm Roscoe Hillenkoeter becomes 1st director of CIA
1948 Eddie Arcaro on Citation wins 74th Kentucky Derby (2:05.4)
1948 People's Republic North-Korea forms
1948 Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Auspicia quaedam
     Glenn Taylor, Idaho Senator, arrested in Birmingham Alabama for
     trying to enter a meeting through a door marked "for Negroes"
1949 Gerard Kuiper discovers Nereid, (2nd satellite of Neptune)
1950 Gwendolyn Brooks, is 1st Black awarded a Pulitzer Prize (poetry)
1950 Mayor of Brussels reluctantly bans May Day parade
1950 New marriage laws enforced in People's Republic China
1950 Pulitzer prize awarded to Rodgers & Hammerstein (South Pacific)
1950 WJIM (now WLNS) TV channel 6 in Lansing, MI (CBS) begins broadcasting
1951 600,000 march for peace & freedom in Germany
1951 Dutch Reformed Church introduces new church choir
1951 Mickey Mantle's 1st HR
1952 Goethe Link Observatory discovers asteroid #3428
1952 Marines take part in an atomic explosion training in Nevada
1952 TWA introduces tourist class
1954 Bishops publish Mandement (member socialist org forbidden)
1954 HSA-UWC Forms (Unification Church) (Moonies)
1954 WAPA TV channel 4 in San Juan, PR (NBC/SFN) begins broadcasting
1955 Bob Feller's 15th 1 or less hitter (12 1-hitters, 3 no-hitters)
1957 Flevo Boys soccer team forms in Emmeloord
1957 Larry King's 1st radio broadcast
1957 US give Poland credit of $95 million
1957 Vanguard TV-1 booster test reaches 195 km
1958 Ambonese rebellion bombed Ambon/conquer Morotai
1958 Arturo Frondizi sworn in as president of Argentina
1959 Heavyweight Floyd Patterson KOs Brian London
1959 West Germany introduces 5 day work week
1959 White Sox Early Wynn beats Red Sox 1-0 on his own HR
1960 India's Bombay state split into Gujarat & Maharashtra states
1960 Pancho Gonzalez retires from tennis
1960 Russia shoots down Francis Gary Powers' U-2 spy plane over Sverdlovsk
1961 1st US airplane hijacked to Cuba
1961 Fidel Castro announces there will be no more elections in Cuba
1961 Pulitzer prize awarded to Harper Lee (To Kill a Mockingbird)
1961 Tanganyika granted full internal self-government by Britain
1962 1st French underground nuclear experiment in the Sahara
1962 Bo Belinsky pitches a no-hitter, in his 4th start
1962 France performs underground nuclear test at Ecker Algeria
1962 JFK authorizes Area Redevelopment Act (ARA)
1963 1st American (James Whittaker) to conquer Mount Everest
1963 Indonesia takes control of Irian Jaya (west New Guinea) from Neth
1964 1st BASIC program run on a computer (Dartmouth)
1965 Mont Canadiens beat Chic Black Hawks, 4 games to 3, for Stanley Cup
1965 USSR launches Luna 5; later impacts on Moon
1966 Last British concert by Beatles (Empire Pool in Wembley)
1966 Radio RSA, South Africa begins shortwave transmitting
1966 US troops shooting targets in Cambodia
1967 Anastasio Somoza Debayle becomes president of Nicaragua
1967 Elvis Presley & Pricilla Beaulieu wed
1967 Jelle Zijlstra becomes president of Netherlands Bank
1967 Priscilla Beaulieu & Elvis Presley wed in Las Vegas
1967 Pulitzer prize awarded to Bernard Malamud (Fixer)
1969 43 Unification church couples wed in NYC
1969 Houston Don Wilson 2nd no-hitter beats Cin Reds, 4-0
1969 Pirate Radio Station 259 (England/France) begins transmitting
1971 Amtrak railroad begins operation
1971 Rolling Stones release "Brown Sugar"
1972 North Vietnamese troops occupy Quang Tri Activities Committee
1972 Pulitzer prize awarded to Wallace Stegner (Angle of Repose)
1972 Radio's Mutual Black Network premieres
1973 SF Giants score 7 runs with 2 outs in 9th to beat Pirates, 8-7
1975 Islander Parise & Potvin score within 14 seconds in playoffs
     Flyers 5-Isles 4-semifinals-Flyers hold 2-0 lead
1976 Bold Forbes wins Kentucky Derby
1976 Jos Hermens, Netherlands sets record for 20,000 m, 57:24.2
1977 Chantal Langlace runs female world record marathon (2:35:15.4)
1977 Empress Lilly dedicated
1978 1st black mayor of New Orleans (Ernest Morial) inaugurated
1978 MVV soccer team forms in Maastricht
1978 Naomi Uemura became 1st to reach North Pole overland alone
1979 Elton John becomes 1st pop star to perform in Israel
1979 Home rule introduced to Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland)
1979 Marshall Islands (in Pacific) become self-governing
1980 Sabres & Islanders play to 1:20 of 5th period in a playoff
     Amer Book Award: William Styron (Sophie Choice)/T Wolfe (Right Stuff)
1981 Billie Jean King admits to a lesbian affair with Marilyn Barnett
1981 Harrison Williams (Sen-D-NJ) convicted on FBI Abscam charges
1981 Radio Shack releases Model III TRSDOS 1.3
1982 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville Tennessee opens
1982 Nordiques 4-Isles 5 (OT)-semifinals-Isles hold 3-0 lead
1983 Gershwin-musical "My One and Only," premieres in NYC
1983 Nolan Ryan surpasses Walter Johnson for most strikeouts (3,508)
1984 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1984 Mick Fleetwood (of Fleetwood Mac) files for bankruptcy
1985 "Communist" bomb attack kills 2 firemen in Brussels
1985 US president Reagan ends embargo against Nicaragua
1985 William Hoffman's "As Is," premieres in NYC
1986 Tass reports Chernobyl nuclear power plant mishap
1986 Will Stegers expedition reaches North Pole
1987 46 HRs hit in 13 baseball games
1987 Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein, a Jewish born nun
1988 IRA attack in Roermond, kills 3
1989 135 acre Disney's MGM studio officially opens to public
1989 Jockey Chris Antley ends record of 64 consecutive winning days
1989 US Supreme Court rules employees have legal burden to prove non-
     discriminatory reasons for not hiring or promoting
1990 Craig Lucas' "Prelude to a Kiss," premieres in NYC
1991 A's Rickey Henderson steals an all time record 939th base vs Yanks
1991 Angola's civil war ends
1991 Milwaukee Brewers beat Chicago Cubs, 10-9, in 19 innings
1991 Rickey Henderson breaks Lou Brocks record with his 939th steal
1991 Tx Ranger Nolan Ryan pitches record 7th no hitter (beats Toronto 3-0)
     Skin-Spit-Skin featuring lesbain, homosexual & hetrosexual nude
     couples caressing, is seen by 5,000 in NYC
1992 Eric Houston kills 4 in a Calif HS where he failed history 4 yrs prior
1992 LA Dodgers postpone 3 games due to racial riots due to Rodney King
1992 NY Rangers wins their 1st ever 7th game of a playoff (vs NJ Devils)
1992 Rickey Henderson steals his 1,000th base
1993 Sea Hero wins Kentucky Derby
1994 -3] Tornado & hail storms hit Jiangxi China, 95 killed


Other Occasions...

     Baseball teams may resume negotiating with their own free agents
     May Day, International Workers Day, Law Day, Loyalty Day, Bird Day
     [Algonquin] Flower Moon
     [Ancient Rome] Kalendae Mai*
     [Babylonia] Abu
     [England] Beltane-people light bonfires celebrating end of winter
     [Nunamiut Eskimos] Moon When Ice Goes Out
     Eta "May" Aquarid meteor shower, radiant in Aquarius
     Astrological sign:  Taurus


Celebrations...

     [66 nations] May Day/Labor Day
     [Finland] Vappu Day
     [Hawaii] Lei Day
     [Marshall Islands] Proclamation of Rep of Marshall Islands (1979)
     [Mass] Senior Citizens' Day (1963)
     [US] Child Health Day
     [US] Dewey Day (Battle of Manila Bay) (1898)
0505 [Turkey] Commemoration of Yunus Emre


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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T.I.H. for Wednesday April 30th, 2003

Phil Simpson — Tue, 29 Apr 2003 19:00:46 GMT

On Apr 29 2003  Peach Post wrote to All:


 PP> Those born today...

 PP> 1982 Kirsten Dunst, actress (Interview with the Vampire)
 PP> 1975 Beverley Peele, model
 PP> 1975 Johnny Galecki, actor (Danny-American Dreamer)
 PP> 1971 Matt Martin, Hamden Conn, US hockey defenseman (Olympics-1994)

<much deleted>

I'm going to have to ask you to stop these "those born today type" posting.
Some of them are incredibly long and as some sysops still use POTS to
get their echomail, I think we should get back to the idea of this
echo. If someone has something to talk about concerning history, fine,
but these

automated posting need to stop. Thanks for your cooperation.

Moderator


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T.I.H. for Wednesday April 30th, 2003

Peach Post — Tue, 29 Apr 2003 04:00:40 GMT

                              Today In History
       Wednesday April 30th, 2003 -- Day Number: 120 - Days left: 245


Those born today...

1982 Kirsten Dunst, actress (Interview with the Vampire)
1975 Beverley Peele, model
1975 Johnny Galecki, actor (Danny-American Dreamer)
1971 Matt Martin, Hamden Conn, US hockey defenseman (Olympics-1994)
1969 Joey Restivo, Brooklyn, rocker (Linear-I Never Felt This Way, Lies)
1968 Babette Van Veen, Neth
1968 Paulo Jr, Brazilian pop bassist (Sepultura, Morbid Visions)
1966 David Meggett, NFL running back (NY Giants)
1961 Isiah Thomas, NBA forward (Detroit Piston; 1990 NBA playoff MVP)
1959 Kamaran Abdalla, Iraq/English/Neth actor
1956 Richard Farina, folk singer (Reflections in a Crystal Wind)
1955 Dimitra Papandreau, Greece, wife of Greek PM Andreas Papandreau
1954 G*nther Tiersch, German DR, 8 man cox (Olympic-gold-1968)
1953 Merrill Osmond, Ogden Utah, singer (Osmond Brothers, Donnie & Marie)
1952 Tom Pesek, creator of HAL 9000 program for the PC
1951 Panuta Rosani, Poland, discus (Olympic 1976) drug disqualified
1948 Perry King, Alliance OH, actor (Andy Warhol's "Bad")
1948 Wayne Kramer, rocker
1947 Robert Scott, (Rep-D-Virginia)
1946 Donald Schollander, Charlotte NC, swimmer (Olympic-4 gold-64)
1946 Karl XVI Gustav F H, King of Sweden (1973-  )
1945 Annie Dillard, American writer (An American Childhood)
1945 Claude van de Berge, [Rony MF Pauwels], Flemish writer (Graph Theory)
1945 Michael J Smith, Beaufort NC, Cmdr USN, astr (51L-Challenger disaster)
1945 Mike Beacon, rocker (Ox)
1945 Mimi Farina, rocker
1944 Jill Clayburgh, NYC, actress (Unmarried Woman, Semi-Tough)
1944 Richard Shoff, rocker (Sandpipers)
1943 Bobby Cattle, US rock vocalist (Take Good Care of My Baby)
1943 Bobby Vee, Fargo ND, (Devil or Angel, Night has a Thousand Eyes)
1943 Robert L Livingston, (Rep-R-Louisiana, 1977-  )
1941 Johnny Farina, rocker (Santo & Johnny)
1941 Wilfried Jentzsh, composer
1940 Burt Young, NYC, actor (Convoy, Rocky)
1939 Ellen Taafe Zwilich, Miami Florida, (1st woman composer Pulitzer 1982)
1939 Pieter van Vollenhoven, husband of Dutch Princess Margriet
1938 Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard, Queen of Netherlands (1980-  )
1938 Gary Collins, Venice Calif, actor (6th Sense, Home Show)
1938 Larry [Van Cott] Niven, US, sci-fi author (5 Hugo, Neutron Star)
1936 Zohra Lampert, actress (Doctors' Hospital, Girl With Something Extra)
1933 Willie Nelson, Abbott Texas, country singer (On the Road Again)
1932 Anton Larrauri, composer
1931 William L [Bill] Clay, (Rep-D-MO, 1969-  )
1930 Raoul de Keyser, [Dekeyser], Flemish painter
1929 Peter Carsten, Weissenberg Bavaria, actor (Mr Super Invisible)
1927 Johnny Horton, Los Angeles Ca, rocker
1927 Lars Hall, Sweden, Pentathelete (Olympic-gold-1952)
1926 Cloris Leachman, Des Moines Iowa, actress (Last Picture Show)
1926 Corinne Calvet, France, actress (Apache Uprising)
1926 Edmund Cooper, UK, sci-fi author (Seed of Light, All Fool's Day)
1925 Corinne Calvet, Paris France
1924 Sheldon Harnick, Broadway songwriter (Fiorello, Fiddler on the Roof)
1920 Leen 't Hart, Dutch organist/composer
1919 Valeer [Valerius V] van Kerkhove, Flemish writer/producer
1918 W Donald McNeill, tennis champ (US Open-1940)
1917 Bea Wain, US actress/radio hostess
1916 Dugo D Schenker, Suriname/Antillian producer
1916 Robert Shaw, Red Bluff Calif, chorale conductor (Robert Shaw Chorale)
1912 Eve Arden, Mill Valley Calif, actress (Connie-Our Miss Brooks)
1911 Hans Studer, composer
1911 John-Baptist J Walgrave, [Henricus/Humanus], Flemish, theologist
1910 Al Lewis, actor (Leo-Car 54, Grandpa-Munsters)
1909 Juliana, Queen of Netherlands (1948-80)
1905 Henrich Schl*ppi, Switzerland, 4 man bobsled (Olympic-gold-1924)
1903 G*nther AR Raphael, German composer (Symphony Breve)
1902 Andre-Fran*ois Marescotti, composer
1902 Rudolf Wittelsbach, composer
19-- Robyn Griggs, actress (Maggie-Another World)
19-- T T Boy, XXX actor ($exce$$, Patriot Dames)
19-- Thom Bray, Camden NJ, actor (Cyril-Breaking Away)
1899 Jannetje Fisherman-Roosendaal, author (regional novels)
1899 Lucie Mannheim, Berlin, actress (East Meets West, 39 Steps)
1896 Gary Davis, Laurens SC, blues/folk guitarist (A Little More Faith)
1893 Joachim von Ribbentrop, German SS f*hrer/foreign minister
1891 Watze Cuperus, Frisian author (Swart mar leaflik)
1889 Acario Cotapos, composer
1889 Rudolph Hermann Simonsen, composer
1888 John Crowe Ransom, US poet/critic (God Without Thunder)
1886 Frank Merrik, composer
1885 Luigi Russolo, composer
1884 Albert Israel Elkus, composer
1883 David John de Lloyd, composer
1882 Trijntje "Nine" van de Schaaf, author (To the Invisible)
1874 Cyriel Verschaeve, Belgian priest/writer
1870 Franz Lehar, operetta composer (Naughty Marietta)
1864 Frans Netscher, Dutch writer/journalist (Studies of nude model)
1858 Mary Scott Lord Dimmick Harrison, 1st lady (1889-1893)
1851 Indri* Einarsson, Iceland playwright (Nyj*rsn*ttin)
1837 Alfred Gaul, composer
1830 Davis Tillson, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1895
1823 George JD Campbell, Scottish/Brit Minister to Indies (1868-74/80-85)
1812 Kaspar Hauser, German son of grand duke Karel van Bathe
1805 William Kerley Strong, Brig General (Union volunteers), died in 1867
1797 Andreas V Michiels, Dutch military governor of West-Sumatra
1797 Paul van Vlissingen, Dutch ship owner
1796 Isa*c M "Isaac A" Cr*mieux, French lawyer/minister of Justice
1792 Johann Friedrich Schwencke, composer
1790 John Cockerill, English/Belgian industrialist
1777 Carl Friedrich Gauss, world's great mathematician
1770 David Thompson, English/Canadian explorer (Columbia River)
1767 Jean Henri Appelius, lawyer/minister of Finance
1743 Robert Jasper van de Capellen, mister of Marsch/politician
1717 Guillaume Gommaire Kennis, composer
1651 Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French priest/theorist/saint
1602 William Lilly, England, astrologer/author/almanac compiler
1309 Kazimierz III de Great, King of Poland (1333-70)


Those who died today...

1994 David Langton, dies of a heart at 81
1994 Ferdinando Scarfiotti, Italian set designer (Last Emperor), dies at 53
1994 Richard Scarry, US kid book illustrator/writer, dies at 74
1994 Roland Ratzenberger, Austria Formula 1-cyclist, dies in accident at 31
1993 Dave Waymer, NFLer, dies at 34
1992 Dan van Driel, cartoonist (Nervous Cop), dies
1991 George Sperti Sperti, inventor (Preparation H), dies at 91
1991 Michael G Hagerty, actor (Overboard), dies at 39
1989 Sergio Leone, Italian director (Good, Bad & Ugly), dies at 67
1988 James McCracken, US tenor, dies at 61
1987 Hugh Dempster, actor (Anna Karenina, Candles at Nine), dies
1985 George Pravada, actor (Felscher-Holocaust), dies at 66
1984 Arthur T "Bomber" Harris, bombed nazi-Germany, dies
1984 Muddy Waters, blues singer/guitarist (Hoochie Coochie Man), dies at 68
1983 George Balanchine, Russian choreographer, dies at 78
1983 Jerry Hatsuo Fujikawa, actor (Uncle Matsu-Mr T & Tina), dies at 71
1983 Muddy Waters, US blues singer/guitarist (Mad Love), dies at 68
1982 Albert TLCA Bird, lecture artist, dies
1982 Herman Tholen, cabaretier (Juveniles), dies
1982 Taisen Deshimaru, founder of several Zen centers in France, dies at 67
1980 Mary McCarty, actress (French Line), dies
1977 Clive Martin Douglas, composer, dies at 73
1976 Edvard Fliflet Braein, composer, dies at 51
1974 Agnes Moorehead, actress (Endorra-Bewitched), dies at 67
1973 Josie Sedgwick, actress (White Moth), dies of stroke at 75
1972 Gia Scala, actress (Garment Jungle, I Aim at the Stars), dies at 38
1972 Ntare V, king of Burundi, murdered
1971 Elmo Roper, pollster (Roper Poll), dies at 70
1970 Hall Johnson, composer, dies at 82
1970 Inger Stevens, actress (Katy-Farmer's Daughter), commits suicide at 35
1970 Jacob Presser, historian/writer (Doom, Ondergang), dies
1968 Frankie Lymon, rocker, dies of a heroin overdose
1966 Richard Farina, rocker, dies on his birthday in a motorcycle accident
1965 Helen Chandler, actress (Dracula, Salute, Last Flight), dies at 56
1963 Bryant Washburn, actor (Nabonga, Millionaire Kid), dies at 74
1959 Armand Louis Joseph Marsick, composer, dies at 81
1957 Ludwig Schiedermair, German musicologist (Beethoven), dies at 80
1956 Alben W Barkley, (VP-D-1949-53), dies at 78
1952 Charles Radoux-Rogier, composer, dies
1945 Adolph Hitler, German dictator (1936-45), commits suicide at 56
1945 Eva Braun, girlfriend/wife of Hitler, dies
1943 Beatrice Potter Webb, British writer (My Apprenticeship), dies at 85
1943 Etty Hillesum, diary writer (Auschwitz), dies
1942 Catherine Murphy Urner, composer, dies at 51
1934 William Henry Welch, dies at 75
1933 Luis Sanchez Cerro, Pres of Peru, assassinated by Hurtado de Mendoza
1929 Friedrich Lienhard, German publisher (T*rmer), dies at 63
1922 David M Chumaceiro, Cura*aos poet, dies
1912 Frantisek Kmoch, composer, dies
1903 Fran*ois Cr*pin, Belgian botany, dies at 72
1900 John Luther (Casey) Jones, dies in Cannonball Express train wreck
1896 Antonio Cagnoni, composer, dies at 68
1893 Edouard Manet, French painter (Olympia), dies at 61
1893 Gyula Beliczay, composer, dies at 57
1887 Friedrich Wilhelm Markull, composer, dies at 71
1859 Sergei T Aksakov, Russian writer (Bagrova-vnuka), dies at 67
1855 Henry Rowley Bishop, composer, dies at 68
1848 Friedrich Freiherr Gagern, German/Dutch army commandant, dies at 53
1847 Charles L J, archduke of Austria/gov-gen (Austria-Netherland), dies
1829 George Washington Adams, son of John Q Adams, dies on City Is NYC
1828 Shaka, the great Zulu King, killed
1800 John H Midderigh, Rotterdam patriot, dies at 46
1795 Jean-Jacques Barth*lemy, French historian (Ancient Greece), dies
1793 Lorenzo Fago, composer, dies at 88
1792 Hans Adolf Friedrich von Eschstruth, composer, dies at 36
1792 John Montague 4th Earl of Sandwich, English Naval minister, dies at 73
1785 Frederick Philipse 3, land owner (Bronx, Westch & Putnam), dies at 65
1784 Franz K earl von Velbruck, German free mason, dies
1743 Pedro de Peralta y Barnuevo, Peruvian playwright/poet, dies
1712 Philippus van Limborch, remonstrants theologist/vicar, dies at 78
1708 Simon de Vries, book seller/writer (Unequal), dies
1671  . . . Frangep*n, Hungarian nobleman/plotter, beheaded
1671 P*ter Zrinyi, Hungarian banished to Croatia, beheaded at 49
1660 Peter Scriverius, Dutch lawyer/historian, dies at 84
1632 Jean de Tilly, fieldmarshal, dies
1632 Sigismund III, King of Poland/Sweden, dies at 65
1630 Ercole Porta, composer, dies at 44
1328 ... Eckhard, German theologist/mystic, dies
1214 Huguccio/Hugo van Pisa, Italian bishop, dies
1196 Boudouin II, bishop of Utrecht (1178-96), dies
1030 Mohammud van Ghazna, Turkish mayor (G'widen)/Islamic ruler, dies
 535 Amalaswintha, queen of Ostrogoten, murdered
 313 Gaius G V Maximus, [Daia], Emperor of Rome, dies


Things that happened today...

1995 After 120 years the last 15 A & S dept stores close
1994 Soccer great Pele (53) weds psychologist Assiria Seixas Lemos (36)
1992 208th & final episode of Cosby Show on NBC-TV
1991 Cyclone kills 125,000 in Bangladesh
1990 As Met pitcher David Cone argues a call at 1st base, 2 Braves score
1990 Seattle's Brian Holman's perfect game broken up with 2 outs in 9th
1990 US 66th manned space mission STS 31 (Discovery 10) returns from space
1989 Critics Siskel & Ebert film their 500th TV movie-review show
1989 US beats Costa Rica 1-0, in 3rd round of 1990 world soccer cup
1988 Baltimore Orioles win record 14th straight from beginning of season
1988 NJ Devils beat Caps 3-2 taking 7th game of Patrick Division final
1988 NY Knights 1st arena football game beats Cobras 60-52 (10,157 in LA)
1988 NY Yank Dave Winfield gets his 29th RBI of April-Sets AL & ties ML Rec
1988 World Exposition, Expo 88 opens in Brisbane Australia
1987 NY Islander Mike Bossy plays his final game
1986 Ashrita Furman peformed 8,341 somersaults over 12 miles
1985 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1985 Last edition of Brink Daily Mail/Sunday Express in South Africa
1984 1700 skiers participate in an alpine event at Are, Sweden
1984 Strong winds cause a 30 min delay in Toronto Blue Jays game
1983 Bruins 3-Isles 7-Wales Conf Championship-Isles hold 2-1 lead
1982 Atlanta Braves win record 12th straight from beginning of season
1982 Iran offensive in Khusistan
1980 Beatrix, Wilhelmina Armgard, crowned queen of Netherlands
1980 Ronald Harwood's "Dresser," premieres in London
1980 Terrorists seize Iranian Embassy in London
1977 Billy Graham beats Bruno Sammartino in Baltimore, to become WWF champ
1976 Heavyweight Muhammad Ali KOs Jimmy Young in Landover Md
1976 Royal Canadian Mint opens a branch in Winnipeg Manitoba
1976 Wings release "Silly Love Songs"
1975 US civilian forces evacuate Vietnam; Saigon surrenders
1973 Nixon announces resignation of Haldeman, Ehrlichman, et al
1973 Paul McCartney releases "Red Rose Speedway" including "My Love"
1973 Women's tennis groups end disputes over sanctioning tournaments
1972 "Arthur Godfrey Time" ends a 27 year run on radio
1971 Milwaukee Bucks sweep Balt Bullets for NBA championship
1970 US troops invade Cambodia
1969 Cin Red Jim Maloney 3rd no-hitter beats Houston Astros, 10-0
1969 WEDB TV channel 40 in Berlin, NH (PBS) begins broadcasting
1968 3 Oriole pitchers walk 14 NY Yankees in a 9 inning game
1967 Highest tower to the world finished, 537m (USSR)
1967 NY Met pitcher Tom Seaver wins hist 1st game
1967 Orioles' Stu Miller & Steve Barber lose 2-1 despite no-hitting Tigers
1962 NASA civilian pilot Joseph A Walker takes X-15 to 75,190 m
1962 Willie Mays hits 4 HRs
1961 1st shuttle flights between Wash DC, Boston & NYC begin (Eastern)
1961 Lee Harvey Oswald marries Marina Prusakova in Minsk USSR
1961 Premier Fidel Castro of Cuba receives Lenin-Peace Prize
1961 SF Giant Willie Mays hits 4 HRs in a game
1955 Element 101, Mendelevium, announced
1955 Imperial Bank of India nationalized
1955 Perez Prado's "Cherry Pink & Apple Blossom White" goes #1 for 10 weeks
1955 West German unions protest for 40-hour work week & more wages
1954 Darius Milhauds 4th Concert for piano/orch premieres in Haifa
1948 Org of American States charter signed at Bogot*, Colombia
1948 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak
1947 Boulder Dam renamed in honor of Herbert Hoover
1946 Cleve Indian Bob Feller's 2nd no-hitter beats NY Yankees, 1-0
1945 "Arthur Godfrey Time" begins a 27 year run on CBS radio
1945 Concentration camp M*nchen-Allag freed
1945 Lord Haw-Haw calls for crusade against the bolsheviks
1945 Red Army occupies Demmin
1945 Red army storms German parliament
1945 Russian Army frees Ravensbr*ck concentration camp
1945 US troops attack the Elbe
1944 NY Giant Phil Weintraub gets 11 RBIs
1944 NY Giant, Mel Ott scores 6 runs in 1 game drawing 5 walks for 4th time
1943 Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp for Jews forms
1943 Dutch strike against obligatory Labor camps
1943 No*l Coward's "This Happy Breed," premieres in London
1942 1st submarine built on Great Lakes launched, (Peto), Manitowoc, Wi
1941 Spread of Judaism begins in Croatia
1940 Bkln Dodger Tex Carleton no-hits Cin Reds, 3-0
1939 NBC/RCA 1st public TV demo with FDR at opening of NY World's Fair
1939 Tropicana ballet of Havana Cuba, forms
1937 General Douglas MacArthur marries Jean Faircloth
1935 C Jackson discovers asteroids #1355 Magoeba & #1368 Numidia
1935 World Congress for Women's Rights concludes in Istanbul
1934 Austrian gets "Austrian facist" constitution
1929 Earnest Streeruwitz becomes chancellor of Austrian
1928 Cherkess Autonomous Region forms in RSFSR (until 1957)
1927 Princess Juliana gets seat in Dutch Council of State
1922 Chic White Sox Charles Robertson perfect games Detroit Tigers, 2-0
1921 American Professional Football Assn reorganizes in Akron
1921 Pope Benedict XV encyclical "On Dante"
1919 Phillies beat Bkln Dodgers 9-0 in 20 innings
1918 Orange Nassau soccer team forms in Groningen
1916 Chic Cubs play 1st game at Weeghman Park (Wrigley Field) beat Reds
1913 Neujmin & Belyavskij discover asteroids #752 Sulamitis & #753 Tiflis
1911 Portugal approves woman suffrage
1910 Cleve Indian Addie Joss wins 2nd no-hitter beating White Sox
1905 1st official soccer game between Belgium-Netherlands (1-4)
1903 Highlanders (Yankees) 1st home opener; Chesbro beats Senators 6-2
1902 Debussy's opera "Pell*as et M*lissande," premieres in Paris
1900 165 lb Robert Fitzsimmons KOs 305 lb Ed Dunkhost in a boxing match
1900 USA annexes Hawaii
1898 Championship wrestling match at Met turns into a brawl
1889 1st US national holiday, on centennial of Washington's inauguration
1889 George Washington Bridge linking NYC & NJ opens
1888 Hail stones kills about 250 in Moradabad district of Delhi
1887 1st game played at Broad & Huntingdon St Park (Baker Bowl) in
     Philadelphia; Phillies beat Giants 19-10
1871 Apaches in Arizona surrender to white & Mexican adventurers; 144 die
1869 Hawaiian YMCA organized
1865 -5/1] Gen Shermans "Haines's Bluff" at Snyder's Mill, Virginia
1864 Battle of Jenkin's Ferry, Arkansas; Gen W R Scurry is killed
1864 New York becomes 1st state to charge a hunting license fee
1862 Swift Run Gap, WV skirmishes
1861 Federal Troops, under orders from Lincoln, evacuate Indian Territory
1860 Navaho indians attack Fort Defiance (Canby)
1859 Paul Morphy returns from 10-mo chess tour of Europe, retires
1857 San Jose State University forms
1852 Anton Rubinsteins opera "Dmitri Donskoi," premieres in St Petersburg
1838 Nicaragua declares independence from Central American federation
1812 (Eastern) Louisiana admitted as 18th US state
1808 1st practical typewriter finished by Italian Pellegrini Turri
1804 Hague's Theater opens
1803 US doubles in size through Louisiana Purchase ($15 million)
1798 Dept of Navy forms
1790 Colonial troops occupy Bonni's marroon village
1789 George Washington inaugurated as 1st president of US
1774 Pope Clement XIV proclaims a universal jubilee
1772 John Clais patents 1st scale
1763 London Journalist John Wilkes confined in the Tower
1748 Ceasefire at Aken ends
1748 French troops occupy Maastricht
1725 Emperor Charles VI & King Philip IV of Spain sign Treaty of Vienna
1722 Game of Billiards is mentioned in New England Courant
1695 William Congreve's "Love for Love," premieres in London
1661 Tsjeng Tsj'eng-Kung begins siege of Dutch fort Zeelandia, Formosa
1650 French rebel Henri de la Tour Turenne signs treaty with Spain
1616 English King Jacob I leaves Brielle/Vlissingen
1598 1st theater performance in America (Spanish comedy-Rio Grande)
1563 Jews are expelled from France by order of Charles VI
1562 1st French colonists in US: Jean Ribaut & Hugenot
1527 England & France sign treaty of Westminster
1506 Philip of Bourgondy & England sign trade agreement
1492 Columbus is given royal commission to equip his fleet
1492 Spain announces it will expels all Jews
1396 Crusaders & earl of Nevers depart from Dijon
1349 Jewish community at Radolszell Germany, exterminated
1064 German King Henry IV gives away Utrecht county of West Friesland
1006 Brightest supernova in recorded history is observed
 311 Roman emperor Galerius delegates tolerance edict of Serdica


Other Occasions...



Celebrations...

0501 [Germany] Walpurgisnacht
     [Louisiana] Admission Day (1813)
     [Netherland, Neth Antilles, Suriname] Queen Juliana's Birthday (1938)
     [Switzerland] May Day Eve/Maitag Vorabend


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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T.I.H. for Tuesday April 29th, 2003

Peach Post — Mon, 28 Apr 2003 04:00:22 GMT

                              Today In History
        Tuesday April 29th, 2003 -- Day Number: 119 - Days left: 246


Those born today...

1978 Mike Bryan, Oxnard Calif, tennis star (USTA National 18 doubles)
1970 Andre Agassi, Las Vegas Nevada, tennis star (1994 US Open)
1970 Uma Thurman, Boston Mass, actress (Baron Munchausen, Pulp Fiction)
1968 Carnie Wilson, LA Calif, rock vocalist (Wilson Phillips-Hold On)
1967 Rachel Williams, Greenwich Village NY, model (Absolut Vodka, Elle)
1965 Reggie Miller, NBA player (Indiana Pacers)
1962 Robert Druppers, runner (world record 1 km indoor)
1960 Gerard Joling, Dutch singer (Love is in Your Eyes)
1960 Joseph Guzaldo, Chicago Ill, actor (Stir Crazy)
1958 Daniel Day-Lewis, England, actor (Last of the Mohicans, My Left Foot)
1958 Eve Plumb, Burbank, actress (Jan-Brady Bunch, I'm Gonna Get You Sucka)
1958 Michelle Pfeiffer, Midway City Calif, actress (Married to the Mob)
1958 Simon Edwards, rocker (Fairground Attraction-Find My Love)
1957 Richie C Robertson, rock bassist/vocalist (Fabulous Poodles)
1956 Ron Verlin, rocker (Shooting Star)
1955 Kate Mulgrew, Dubuque Iowa, actress (Heartbeat, Kate Loves a Mystery)
1954 Bill Paxon, (Rep-R-New York)
1954 Deborah Iyall, rocker (Romeo Void)
1954 Jerry Seinfeld, author (SeinLanguage)/comedian (Seinfeld)
1953 Nikolai Nikolayevich Budarin, Russia, cosmonaut
1952 Deborah Van Valkenburgh, Schnectady, actress (Too Close for Comfort)
1952 Nora Dunn, Chic Ill, comedienne (SNL, Miami Blues, Working Girl)
1949 Anita Dobson, England, actress (Annie Watts-EastEnders)
1949 Eddie Hart, US, 100m runner (Olympic-1972)
1949 Francis Rossi, England, guitarist/vocalist (Status Quo-Down Down)
1948 Reb Brown, Los Angeles CA, actor (Cage, Yor, Capt America, Fast Break)
1947 Jim Ryun, US, 1500m runner/broke 4 minute mile (Olympic-silver-1968)
1947 Johnny Miller, US golfer (US Open 1973, British Open 1976)
1947 Tommy James, singer (cri-im-son & clo-o-ver o-o-ver & o-o-ver)
1946 Franc Roddam,
1945 Hugh Hopper, rocker (Soft Machine)
1945 [Thomasina] Tammi Terrell, [Montgomery], singer (Ain't No Mt High)
1944 Benedikte, Danish princess/daughter of Frederik IX
1944 Jim Hart, Evanston, Ill, NFL quarterback (St Louis Cardinals)
1943 Duane Allen, Taylortown Texas, country singer (Oak Ridge Boys-Elvira)
1942 Klaus Voorman, rock bassist (Manfred Mann-Mighty Quinn)
1941 Jonah Barrington, British World champion squash player (1966-73)
1936 April Stevens, Niagara Falls NY, rock vocalist (Deep Purple)
1936 Jacob Rothschild, English banker/multi-millionaire
1936 Richard Lynch, actor (Xavier-Battlestar Galactica)
1936 Zubin Mehta, Bombay India, conductor (NY Philharmonic)
1935 Len Weinrib, NYC, comedian (Spike Jones Show)
1935 Otto M Zykan, composer
1934 Pedro Pires, premier (Cape Verde, 1975-91)
1933 Darijan Bozic, composer
1933 Keith Baxter, South Wales, actor (Barretts at Wimpole Street)
1933 Rod Marvin McKuen, singer/composer/versifier (Alone, Beatsville)
1932 Alexei A Gubarev, USSR, cosmonaut (Soyuz 17, 28)
1932 D A Zaikin, cosmonaut
1931 Lonnie Donegan, Glasgow Scotland, vocalist
1931 William Ball, actor (Suburban Commando)
1930 Alfred Lewis Valentine, Jamaican cricket player
1929 Peter Joshua Sculthorpe, composer
1929 Vaclav Kucera, composer
1929 Walter Kempowski, German writer (Tadell*ser & Wolff)
1929 [John] Jeremy Thorpe, British Lower house leader of Liberal Party
1928 Big Jay McNeely, rocker
1928 Carl Gardner, Tyler Tx, rock vocalist (Coasters-Searchin)
1927 Dorothy Manley, England, 100m sprint (Olympic-silver-1948)
1926 Carie Meek, (Rep-D-Florida)
1925 Ab Abspoel, Dutch actor/director (Surprise Attack, Elevator)
1925 Danny Davis, rocker (Nashville Brass
1924 Ren*e Jeanmaire, dancer (Hans Christian Anderson)
1923 Irvin Kershner, Phila, director (Never Say Never Again)
1923 Maxine Audley, London, actress (Peeping Tom, Ricochet, House of Cards)
1922 George Allen, football coach (LA Rams, Washington Redskins)
1922 Parren J Mitchell, (Rep-D-MD, 1971-  )
1922 Tommy Noonan, WA, actor (Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Promises Promises)
1922 Toots [Jean] Thielemans, Belgian/US jazz musician/composer
1921 Cornelis de Jager, Dutch astronomer (Sun)
1920 Harold Samuel Shapero, Lynn Mass, composer (9 Minute Opera)
1919 Celeste Holm, NYC, actress (Gentleman's Agreement, All About Eve)
1915 Donald Mills, singer (Mills Brothers)
1914 Ewan Roberts, Edinburgh Scotland, actress (Pvt Benjamin)
1912 Italo Valenti, Italian sculptor
1912 Richard Carlson, MN, actor (All I Desire, Flat Top, Valley of Gwangi)
1909 Tom Ewell, [S Yewell Tompkins], Ky, actor (Tom Ewell Show, 7 Yr Itch)
1908 Jack [Stewart] Williamson, US, sci-fi author (Cometeers)
1907 Fred Zinneman, Austria, director (From Here to Eternity, Julia)
1907 Tino Rossi, Ajaccio France, singer
1904 Enrico Mattei, Italian oil magnate
1904 Russ Morgan, Scranton Pa, orch leader (Welcome Aboard)
1903 Frank Parker, NYC, singer (Arthur Godfrey Show, Masquerade Party)
1902 Theodore Chanler, composer
1901 Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926-89)
19-- Greg Christian, rocker (Testament-Souls of Black)
19-- Lane Smith, Memphis Tn, actor (Chiefs, Nathan-V, My Cousin Vinny)
19-- Mark Kendall, rocker (Great White-Twice Shy)
19-- Norman Felton, London England, TV producer (Man from U.N.C.L.E.)
19-- Richard Kline, NYC, actor (Larry-3's Company, Richie-It's a Living)
19-- Susan Pratt, actress (Anne-General Hospital, Barbara-Guiding Light)
1899 Duke Ellington, Wash DC, [Edward Kennedy], bandleader (Take "A" Train)
1899 Karl Yngve Skold, composer
1899 Natalie Talmadge, actress (Our Hospitality)
1896 Jacques Leon Wolfe, composer
1895 Malcolm Sargent, English conductor (Promenade Concerts)
1894 Paul H*rbiger, Budapest Hungary, actor (Liebelei)
1893 Elisaveta Bagrjana, [Beltsheva], Bulgaria, poet
1893 Harold C Urey, Ind, physicist (Deuterium, Nobel 1934)
1885 Egon E Kisch, Czech writer/journalist (Rasende Reporter)
1885 Wallingford Riegger, Albany Georgia, composer (Bacchangle)
1882 Hendrik N Werkman, painter/printer/resistance fighter (Hot printing)
1879 Thomas Beecham, England, composer, found London Philharmonic
1872 Eyvind Alnaes, composer
1871 Louis William Stern, German/US philosopher (Intelligence of Children)
1863 William Randolph Hearst, publisher (SF Examiner, Seattle P-I)
1862 Vittorio Mario Vanzo, composer
1860 Lorado Taft, US, sculptor (Black Hawk)
1857 Edouard Rod, France/Swiss writer (Mishel' Tes'e)
1857 Frantisek Ondricek, composer
1855 Anatol K Liadov, Russian composer (Bewitched Lake) [OS]
1855 Edmund van der Straeten, composer
1854 Henri Poincar*, France, mathematician/astronomer/philosopher
1842 Karl Mill*cker, Austria conductor/composer (Beggar Student)
1830 Adolph Sutro, SF mayor, built Cliff House, railways, tunnels
1818 Alexander II N Romanov, Tsar of Russia (1855-81)
1815 Abram Duryee, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1890
1808 Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch, German politician/reformer [or 1883]
1806 Earnest Freiherr von Feuchtersleben, Austria, physician/philosopher
1783 David Cox, English painter (Treatise on landscape painting)
1780 Charles Nodier, French writer (La f*e aux miettes)
1771 Matthaus Stegmayer, composer
1745 Oliver Ellsworth, 3rd Chief Justice Supreme Court (1796-1800)
1727 Jean-Georges Noverre, French dancer/choreographer (ballet d'action)
1667 John Arbuthnot, Scottish writer (Alexander Pope)
1660 Matthias Henriksen Schacht, composer
1642 Christian Weise, German writer (Niederl*ndische Bauer)
1584 Melchior Teschner, composer


Those who died today...

1994 Bill Quinn, US actor (Quinn Brothers, Birds, Lucky Stiff), dies at 81
1993 Cy Howard, director (Lovers & Other Strangers), dies at 77
1993 Michael Gordon, actor/director (Pillow Talk), dies at 83
1993 Mick Ronson, English guitarist/producer (Mott the Hoople), dies at 46
1992 Mae Clarke, actress (Public Enemy, Frankenstein), dies at 84
1991 Claude Gallimard, French publisher, dies
1988 Andrew Cruickshank, actor (Body in Library, Murder Most Foul), dies
1988 Jan Kapr, composer, dies at 74
1986 Seamus McElwaine, Irish IRA-terrorist, dies at 25
1984 Marvin Gaye, rocker (Sexual Healing), shot dead by his father at 45
1980 Alfred Hitchcock, British director (Psycho, Birds), dies at 80
1979 Julia A Perry, US composer (Soul Symphony), dies at 55
1976 Wilhelm Maler, composer, dies at 74
1973 Manfred Gurlitt, composer, dies at 82
1968 Frankie Lymon, rocker (& Teenagers), dies of a drug overdose at 25
1967 Anthony Mann, US director (El Cid, Last Frontier), dies
1966 Eugene O'Brien, actor (Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm), dies at 85
1964 Albert Saverys, Flemish painter, dies at 77
1957 Otallo Morales, composer, dies at 82
1956 Nemesio Otano y Eugenio, composer, dies at 75
1954 Earnest Heldring, merchant/ship owner/financier, dies at 82
1953 Mo*se Kisling, Polish/French painter (La souris boiteuse), dies at 62
1951 Jules Verstraete, [Julien G de Graef], actor, dies at 67
1951 Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austria/English philosopher
1947 Irving Fisher, US economist, dies at 80
1943 Joseph Achron, Latvian violinist/composer (Golem suite), dies at 56
1943 Karl Adrian Wohlfart, composer, dies at 68
1943 Sidney AK Keyes, English poet (Foreign Gate), dies at 20
1936 Florentinus M Wibaut, Amsterdams social alderman, dies
1935 Leroy Carr, rocker
1928 Henrich Federer, Switz, writer (Ich l*sche das Licht), dies
1918 Gavrilo Princip, Bosnisch murderer of arch duke French Ferdinand, dies
1905 Ignacio Cervantes, composer, dies at 57
1873 Alida JM Tartaud-Little, actress/stage star (Rotterdam Stage), dies
1871 John Gelinde van Blom, Fries notary/author, dies at 75
1813 Christian Danner, composer, dies at 55
1712 Juan Bautista Jose Cabanilles, composer, dies at 67
1699 Samuel Apostool, vicar/theologist (Zonisten), dies at 50
1676 Michiel A the Ruyter, spy/fleet supervisor (Newport), dies
1535 John Houghton, English, executed
1499 John IV, army leader/earl of Egmont, dies
 852 Amalarius/Fortunatus/Symphosius of Metz/Lyon, bishop, dies at 76


Things that happened today...

1995 Final TV broadcast of "Empty Nest" on NBC TV
1995 KC Royal John Nonely is 70th to HR on his 1st at bat
1994 Ferry boat smashes into Mombasa Harbor, Kenya, kills over 300
1994 Israel & PLO sign economic accord
1992 "March of Falsettos & Falsettoland" opens on Broadway
1992 1st day of LA riots-Acquittal of 4 white cops in Rodney King beating
1992 Country singer Doug Stone, 35, undergoes quadruple bypass surgery
1992 Jury acquits LA police officers of beating Rodney King, riots begin
1992 Sheena Easton collapses on stage while performing in "Man of LaMancha"
1992 Voting ends on choice of Elvis stamps
1992 William Finn & J Lapine's musical "Falsettos," premieres in NYC
1991 Croatia declares independence
1991 Cyclone strikes Bangladesh, 139,000 die/10 million homeless
1991 Earthquake in Georgia, kills 100
1989 2nd govt of Lubbers falls
1988 "60 Minutes" newscaster Diane Sawyer weds Mike Nichols
1988 Burt Reynolds & Loni Anderson marry
1988 Orioles beat White Sox 9-0 for 1st 1988 win after 21 loses
1987 Chicago Cub Andre Dawson hits for cycle
1987 Japan's premier Nakasone visits the US
1986 800,000 books destroyed by fire in LA Central Library
1986 Boston Red Sox Roger Clemens strikes out 20 Seattle Mariners
1985 17th space shuttle mission (51-B)-Challenger 7 launched
1985 Tony Tubbs TKOs Greg Page to win WBA heavyweight boxing championship
1983 Harold Washington sworn in as Chicago's 1st black mayor
1982 Alfredo Magana elected pres of El Salvador
1982 Nordiques 2-Isles 5-Semifinals-Isles hold 2-0 lead
1981 Phillie Steve Carlton strikes out his 3,000th batter
1977 British Aerospace forms
1976 Minister Irene Vorrink begins fluoridating Dutch drinking water
1975 Ethiopia nationalizes everything
1975 Flyers 4-Isles 0-Semifinals-Flyers hold 1-0 lead
1975 US Forces pull out of Vietnam
1971 Bill Graham closes down Fillmore & Fillmore East
1971 Boeing receives contract for Mariner 10, Mercury exploration
1971 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1970 50,000 US & South Vietnamese troops land in Cambodia
1968 "Hair," premieres in NYC
1967 Aretha Franklin releases "Respect"
1965 Earthquake hits Seattle; 5 die
1964 Princess Irene marries Spanish prince Carel Hugo de Bourbon Parma
1964 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1963 KRE-AM in Berkeley CA changes call letters to KPAT
1962 16th Tony Awards: Man For All Seasons & How to Succeed win
1961 ABC's "Wide World of Sports, debuts
1957 1st military nuclear power plant dedicated, Fort Belvoir Va
1956 WLUC TV channel 6 in Marquette, MI (CBS/NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
1956 WSPA TV channel 7 in G'ville-Spartanburg, SC (CBS) begins broadcasting
1956 WWBT TV channel 12 in Richmond, VA (NBC) begins broadcasting
1955 G Gronchi elected president of Italy
1946 28 former Jap leaders indicted in Tokyo as war criminals
1945 1st food drop by RAF (operation Manna)
1945 Adolf Hitler marries Eva Braun
1945 Japanese army evacuates Rangoon
1945 US liberates Nazi concentration camp in Dachau, Germany
1944 Surprise attack by Van de Peat on General Landsdrukkerij in the Hague
1943 Dietrich Bonh*ffer arrested by nazis
1943 No*l Coward's "Present Laughter," premieres in London
1943 US 34th Division occupies Hill 609, North Tunisia
1942 Japanese troop march into Lashio
1942 Jews forced to wear a Jewish Star in Netherlands & Vichy-France
1940 1st radio broadcast of "Young Dr Malone" on CBS
1940 Norwegian King Haakon & govt flees to England
1940 Robert Sherwood's "There Shall be No Night," premieres in NYC
1939 Whitestone Bridge connecting Bronx & Queens opens
1938 G Neujmin discovers asteroid #1484 Postrema
1931 Cleve Indian Wes Ferrell no-hits St Louis Browns, 9-0
1930 C Jackson discovers asteroid #1268 Libya
1930 North Sea floodgate at Ijmuiden (biggest in world) officially opens
1930 Telephone connection England-Australia goes into service
1927 Construction of Spirit of St Louis is completed
1926 France & US reach accord on repayment of WW I
1925 Netherlands returns to gold standard
1922 1st official Intl Weightlifting Federation Champ (Tallinn, Estonia)
1921 B Jekhovsky discovers asteroid #953 Painleva
1916 Irish nationalists surrender to British in Dublin
1913 Gideon Sundback of Hoboken patents all-purpose zipper
1912 108* F (42* C), Tuguegarao, Philippines (Oceania record)
1912 Frank Wedekind's "Tod und Teufel," premieres in Berlin
1910 Ex-president Theodore Roosevelt visits Amsterdam
1905 2" rain falls in 10 mins in Taylor, TX
1905 Pierre de Brazza lands in Libreville Gabon
1903 Limestone slides at Turtle Mountain kills 9 (Frank Alberta)
1902 M Wolf discovers asteroid #484 Pittsburghia
1901 Anti semitic riot in Budapest
1894 Commonweal of Christ (Coxey's Army) arrives in Wash, DC 500 strong
     to protest unemployment; Coxey arrested for trespassing at Capitol
1892 Charlie Reilly is baseball's 1st pinch hitter
1888 Old Kavallison, Congo: Stanley meet Emin Pasha
1886 1st public Dutch electricity opens
1864 -30] Skirmish at Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas
1863 Battle of Chancellordville, VA (Fredericksburg, Wilderness Tavern)
1862 100,000 federal troops prepare to march into Corinth, Miss
1862 New Orleans fell to Union forces during Civil War
1861 Asteroid 69-Hesperia discovered
1861 Maryland's House of Delegates vote against seceding from Union
1861 R Luther discovers asteroid #68 Leto
1857 US Army, Pacific Div HQ permanently forms at Presidio (SF)
1856 Peace between England & Russia
1852 1st edition of Peter Roget's Thesaurus published
1845 Macon B Allen & Robert Morris Jr, 1st blacks to open law practice
1834 Charles Darwin's expedition sees top of Andes
1813 Rubber is patented
1793 Cornerstone laid for Groningen's new townhall
1784 Premiere of Mozarts Sonate in B mol, K454 (Vienna)
1781 French fleet occupies Tobago
1715 John Flamsteed observes Uranus for 6th time
1707 English/Scottish parliament accept Act of Union, form Great Britain
1706 Emperor Jozef I becomes monarch of Cologne/Bavaria
1701 Drenthe adopts Gregorian calendar, tomorrow is May 12, 1701
1670 Pope Clemens X elected
1661 Chinese Ming dynasty occupies Taiwan
1644 Farm leader Li Zicheng becomes emperor of China & flees Peking
1636 Prince Frederik Henry occupies Schenkenschans
1623 11 Dutch ships depart for the conquest of Peru
1553 Flemish woman introduces practice of starching linen into England
1550 Emperor Charles V gives inquisiters additional authority
1540 Emperor Charles declares all privileges of Gent ended
1522 Emperor Charles V named French van Holly inquisitor-gen of Netherlands
1429 Joan of Arc leads Orleans, France, to victory over English
1091 Battle at Monte Levunium: Emperor Alexius I beats Petsjenegen


Other Occasions...

     [Seattle Wash] Stockholders Meeting-Boeing Company


Celebrations...

     [Japan] Emperor Hirohito's Birthday


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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SEEN-BY: 120/228 481 483 544 123/500 261/38 633/260 262 267 270 285 640/954
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T.I.H. for Monday April 28th, 2003

Peach Post — Sun, 27 Apr 2003 04:00:24 GMT

                              Today In History
        Monday April 28th, 2003 -- Day Number: 118 - Days left: 247


Those born today...

1972 Jean-Paul van Gastel, soccer player (Willem II)
1971 Chris Young, Penn, actor (Bryce Lynch-Max Headroom, Great Outdoors)
1971 Meredith McGrath, Midland Mich, tennis star
1970 Richard Fromberg, Australia, tennis star
1967 Monique Noel, Salem Oregon, playmate (May, 1989)
1964 Barry Larkin, shortstop (Cincinnati Reds)
1964 Helen Marina Lucy Windsor, England, daughter of Prince Edward
1960 Wally Langdon, bassist (Bob Color)
1959 Nancy Grahn, actress (Santa Barbara)
1958 Hal Sutton, Shreveport La, PGA golfer (PGA 1983)
1957 L Eyharts, France, cosmonaut
1955 Eddie Jobson, rock violinist (Zappa, UK, Roxy Music-For Your Pleasure)
1950 Jay Leno, New Rochelle, comedian/talk show host (Tonight Show)
1950 Willie Colon, Bronx NY, actor (Last Flight)
1949 Jerome "Jay" Apt, Springfield Mass, PhD/astronaut (STS 37, 47, 59)
1948 Marcia Strassman, NYC, actress (Julle Kotter-Welcome Back Kotter)
1947 Steve Khan, rocker
1943 Fantastic Johnny C[orley], US singer (Boogaloo down Broadway)
1943 John O Creighton, Orange Tx, Capt USN/astronaut (STS 51G, 36, 48)
1942 Mike Brearly, English cricket player
1941 Ann-Margret, Valsjobya Sweden, actress (Bye Bye Birdie, Tommy)
1938 Madge Sinclair, Kingston Jamaica, actress (Bell-Roots, Trapper John)
1937 Saddam Hussein, [At-Takriti], president of Iraq (1979-  )
1936 John Martin Tchicai, composer
1933 Karl Heinz Wahren, composer
1932 Marek Kopelent, composer
1930 Christopher Headington, composer
1930 James Baker 3, Houston, Sec of Treasury (1985-88), Sec State (1989-92)
1929 Carolyn Jones, Amarillo Texas, actress (Morticia-Addams Family)
1928 Yves Klein, French sculptor/painter
1927 Garfield Weston, English industrial/billionaire (Twinings Tea)
1926 Harper Lee, author (To Kill a Mockingbird)
1925 Richard C Sarafian, NYC, director/actor (Foley Square)
1924 Kenneth David Kaunda, founder/president (Zambia, 1964-91)
1923 Adele Mara, Dearborn Mich, actress/singer (Cool Million, Wheels)
1923 Wolfgang Steffen, composer
1922 Guillaume Jorissen, Flemish Volksunie politician
1922 Iser J Koepermann, Russian/US world checkers champ (1958-68, 75-76)
1922 William S Broomfield, (Rep-R-MI, 1956-  )
1921 Rowland Evans, White Marsh Pa, news reporter (CNN-Evans & Novak)
1920 Nan Merriman, US/Neth singer
1917 Joop Waasdorp, Dutch writer (Naked Life)
1917 Robert Anderson, NY, writer (Tea & Sympathy, Never Sang for My Father)
1917 Robert Cornthwaite, St Helen Oregon, actor (Thing, War of the Worlds)
1914 Skuli Halldorsson, composer
1912 Odette Hallowes, British classified agent in France (WW II)
1911 Frans Vroons, actor/tenor/director (Neth Opera)
1908 Arnoud Breeveld, Suriname bishop
1908 Michael T Fitzmaurice, Chicago IL, actor (Reported Missing, 14 Hours)
1907 Marion Coulon, Belgian theoriest (Jeunesse * la d*rive)
1906 Bartholomeus J "Bart" Bok, Dutch/US astronomer (Milky Way)
1906 Kurt G*del, Austria, mathematician (Incompleteness Theorem)
1906 Pierre [Louis] Boileau, Paris France
1901 Corry Vonk, [Cornelia D], wife of Wim Kan (ABC-cabaret)
1900 Jan Hendrik Oort, Dutch astronomer (hypothesized "Oort Cloud")
1900 Maurice Thorez, secretary-general French Communist Party
19-- Daniel Zippi, LA Calif, actor (King's Crossing)
19-- Patty Plenty, XXX actress (Good 'n Plenty, La Boomba)
1892 Georges Antoine, composer
1892 John Jacob Niles, composer
1892 Joseph Dunninger, NYC, mentalist (Amazing Dunninger)
1889 Ant*nio de Oliveira Salazar, premier/dictator Portugal (1932-68)
1889 Bryant Washburn, Chicago, actor (Exposure, Millionaire Kid, Nabonga)
1889 Karel WFM Doorman, Dutch rear admiral
1888 Henry DG Crerar, Canadian general (WW I/Italy/Netherland)
1886 Erich Salomon, German photographer
1882 Alberto Pirelli, Italian industrialist
1879 Edgar Tytgat, Flemish painter/etcher
1878 Lionel Barrymore, [Blythe], Phila, actor (Free Soul, Dr Kildare)
1876 Frank Cavanagh, one of football's coaching greats
1874 Sidney Toler, Warrensburg MO, actor (Madame X, Meeting at Midnight)
1873 Harold Bauer, English/US pianist (Beethoven-Association)
1870 Hermann Suter, composer
1864 William F A Ellison, Irish clergyman/director (Armagh Observatory)
1848 Ludvig Schytte, composer
1846 Johann E Backlund, Swedish astronomer (planets/asteroids)
1842 Louis PMFG of Orleans, earl of Brazil (1870-89)
1838 Tobias M Carel Asser, Holland, advocate of world law (Nobel 1911)
1826 Alexander Stadtfeld, composer
1825 James Winning McMillan, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
1815 Andrew Jackson Smith, Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1897
1812 Daniel Henry Rucker, Bvt Major General (Union Army), died in 1910
1810 Daniel Ullmann, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1892
1809 Conradus Leemans, Dutch archaeologist
1795 Charles Sturt, England, explorer (Australia)
1774 Francis Baily, describer of "Baily's Beads" during solar eclipse
1770 Nikita P Panin, Russian diplomat/minister of Foreign affairs
1758 James Monroe, Westmoreland Va, (D-R) 5th pres (1817-25)
1757 Claus Nielsen Schali, composer
1753 Franz K Achard, German physicist
1750 Paul Ignaz Kurzinger, composer
1748 Lorenz Justinian Ott, composer
1715 Franz Sparry, composer
1698 Karel Jozef, ruler of Batthy*nyi
1592 George Villiers, 1st duke of Buckingham/English admiral
1442 Edward IV, King of England (1461-70, 71-83)


Those who died today...

1993 Jim Valvano, basketball coach (NC State), dies of cancer at 47
1992 Francis Bacon, British painter, dies
1992 Olivier Messiaen, French composer (St Fran*ois d'Assise), dies at 82
1991 Floyd B McKissick, US founder (CORE), dies
1991 Ken Curtis, actor (Festus-Gunsmoke), dies at 74
1990 Jean Blazer Baney, entertainer, dies
1989 Olaff J the Landell [JB Wemmerslager of Sparwoude], writer, dies
1987 Ben Linder, development worker, murdered by Contras in Nicaragua
1984 Glen H Taylor, US senator/VP candidate (1948), dies at 80
1982 Bert van Dongen, [Abraham J Cohen], singer/actor, dies at 66
1981 Mickey "Toy Bulldog" Walker, welterweight champ (1922-26) dies at 79
1980 Dee Carroll, [Betty Jean Marsh], actress, dies
1980 Tommy Caldwell, rocker (Marshall Tucker Band), dies
1979 Feliks Roderyk Labunski, composer, dies at 86
1977 Ricardo Cortez, actor/director (Bad Company, Flesh), dies at 87
1975 John A de Young, historian, dies at 48
1974 Paul Page, actor (Girl from Havanna, Moth), dies at 70
1973 Pat Henning, actor (Goodyear TV Playhouse), dies at 62
1970 Ed Begley, actor (Mr Koppel-Leave it to Larry), dies at 69
1969 Johannes Rontgen, composer, dies at 70
1966 Ralph Bunker, actor (Ghost Goes West), dies of a stroke at 77
1965 Ferdinand Bordew*k, lawyer/writer (Character), dies
1960 Anton Pancake, astronomer/marxist theorist, dies at 87
1955 Lode Cantens, Flemish playwrite (Gnomes of the City), dies at 43
1945 Bernito Mussolini, Fascist leader & mistress captured, tried, & shot
1945 Claretta Petacci, wife of Mussolini, executed
1936 Foead I, king of Egypt (1922-36), dies
1935 Alexander Campbell Mackenzie, composer, dies at 87
1933 Robin Irvine, actor (Easy Virtue), dies at 31
1925 Louis FJ Bouwmeester, actor (Shakespeare), dies
1896 Heinrich von Treitschke, German historian, dies
1887 Carl Ferdinand Pohl, composer, dies at 67
1881 Robert W Ollinger, US warden (Billy the Kid), dies
1860 Isaac da Costa, poet/writer (R*veil, Wachter!), dies at 62
1843 William Wallace, Scottish mathematician (rights of Wallace), dies
1804 Hans Gram, composer, dies at 49
1799 Fran*ois Giroust, composer, dies at 62
1770 Marie AC de Camargo, Spanish/Italian/Belgian dancer, dies at 60
1109 Hugo van Cluny, 6th abbott of Cluny/saint, dies
1089 Dirk de Grote, bishop of Verdun/Basel/archbishop of Trier, dies


Things that happened today...

1996 Australian madman shoots 32 tourists in Tasmania
1994 1st multi-racial election in South Africa ends [3 days]
1994 Freddy Thielemans sworn in as mayor of Brussels Belgium
1993 Carlo Ciampi forms Italian govt with ex-communists
1993 Zambian plane crashes at Libreville, Gabon, 30 soccer players die
     NY Islanders beat Wash Caps 4 to 1 in playoffs, Caps Dale Hunter
     attacks Pierre Turgeon after scoring, in hockey's greatest cheap shot
1992 Brewers beat Blue Jays 22-2 with AL record 31 hits in 9 innings
1991 Space Shuttle STS 39 (Discovery 12) launched
1990 "Chorus Line" closes on Broadway after 6,137 performances (15 yrs)
1990 Boston Celtics score most points in a playoff, beat NY Knicks 157-128
1990 Guns & Roses' Axl marries Erin Everly (annulled same year)
1990 Last copy of Dutch communist daily De Waarheid (The Truth)
1990 Last performance of "Chorus Line," after 15 years
1988 Aloha Airlines Boeing 737 roof tears off in flight; kills stewardess
1988 Baltimore Orioles lose AL record 21 games in a row
1988 NJ Devils set all time playoff mark for penalty minutes
1987 NBA announces expansion to Charlotte NC & Miami Fla in 1988 &
     Minneapolis Minn & Orlando Fla in 1989
1986 Chernobyl, USSR site of world's worst nuclear power plant disaster
1985 Billy Martin named Yankee manager for 4th time
1985 Fernando Valenzuela sets record of 41 scoreless inn to start season
1985 Flyers ?-Isles 1-Patrick Div Finals-Flyers win series 4-1
1983 Argentine govt declares all 15-30,000 missing persons dead
1983 Bruins 4-Isles 1-Wales Conf Championship-Series tied 1-1
1983 NASA launches Goes-F
1982 E Bowell discovers asteroids #2956 Yeomans & #3253 Gradie
1982 L G Taff discovers asteroid #3343 Nedzel
1980 Cyrus Vance, Carter's Secretary of State, resigns
1977 Christopher Boyce convicted for selling secrets
1975 John Lennon appears on "Tonight" & Ringo on "Smother Brothers"
1975 South-Vietnam Gen Duong Van Minh sworn in as president
1974 Last Americans evacuated from Saigon
1972 Courts awarded Kentucky Derby prize money to 2nd place
     winner because winner was given drugs before race
1971 Dutch social democratic party/D'66/DS'70 win parliamentary election
1971 Samuel Lee Gravely Jr becomes 1st black admiral in US Navy
1971 T Smirnova discovers asteroid #2093 Genichesk
1969 Charles de Gaulle resigns as president of France
1969 King Crismson with Greg Lake & Ian McDonald debuts
1968 11 year-old Mary Bell strangles 4 year-old
1968 T Smirnova discovers asteroid #2422 Perovskaya
1967 Expo 67 opens in Montr*al
1967 Muhammad Ali refuses induction into army & stripped of boxing title
1966 Boston beats LA, 4 games to 3, for 8th straight NBA championship
1966 OCAM, Common Afro-Mauritian Organization forms
1965 Barbra Streisand stars on "My Name is Barbra" special on CBS
1965 US marines invade Dominican Republic, stay until October 1966
1964 Japan joins OECD
1963 17th Tony Awards: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? & A Funny
     Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum win
1961 Lt Col Gueorgui Mossolov takes E-66A to 34,714 m altitude
1961 Warren Spahn pitches 2nd no hitter at 41 beats SF Giants, 1-0
1960 WIPM TV channel 3 in Mayaguez, PR (PBS) begins broadcasting
1959 KLOE TV channel 10 in Goodland, KS (CBS) begins broadcasting
1959 KPLR TV channel 11 in Saint Louis, MO (IND) begins broadcasting
1958 Great Britain performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
1958 Vanguard TV-5 launched for Earth orbit (failed)
1958 Vice Pres Richard Nixon begins goodwill tour of Latin America
1957 WSOC TV channel 9 in Charlotte, NC (ABC) begins broadcasting
1956 Last French troop leave Vietnam
1955 WBIQ TV channel 10 in Birmingham, AL (PBS) begins broadcasting
1952 WW II Pacific peace treaty takes effect
1947 Thor Heyerdahl & "Kon-Tiki" sail from Peru to Polynesia
1945 British commands attack Elbe & occupies Lauenburg
1945 US 5th army reaches Swiss border
1944 Stalin meets Polish/US priest S Orlemanski
1943 1st performance of Marc Blitzstein's "Freedom Morning"
1943 German-Italian counter offensive in North-Africa
1943 US 34th Division occupies Djebel el Hara North Tunisia
1942 "WW II" titled so, as result of Gallup Poll
1942 Nightly "dim-out" begins along East Coast
1941 Last British troops in Greece surrenders
1940 Glenn Miller records "Pennsylvania 6-5000"
1940 Rudolf Hess becomes commandant of concentration camp Auschwitz
1939 Hitler claims German-Polish non-attack treaty still in effect
1938 King Zog of Albania marries Countess Geraldine of Hungary
1937 1st animated cartoon electric sign displayed (NYC)
1937 1st commercial flight across Pacific, Pan Am
1935 Moscow underground opens (81 km long)
1934 Soccer team Blue White '34 forms
1934 Spanish govt of Samper forms
1934 Tigers' Goose Goslin grounds into 4 straight double plays
1932 1st broadcast of "One Man's Family" on NBC-radio
1932 C Jackson discovers asteroid #1242 Zambesia
1932 Yellow fever vaccine for humans announced
1930 1st night organized baseball game (Independence KS)
1925 Kurd rebels surrender to Turkish army
1925 Netherlands & Great Britain return to gold standard
1924 119 die in Benwood West Virginia coal mine disaster
1924 J Hartmann discovers asteroid #1029 La Plata
1923 Wembley Stadium opens-Bolton Wanderers vs West Ham United (FA Cup)
1922 WOI (Ames, Iowa) country's 1st licensed educational radio station
1920 Azerbaijan SSR joins USSR (1st time)
1919 1st jump with Army Air Corp (rip-cord type) parachute (Les Irvin)
1916 M Wolf discovers asteroid #826 Henrika
1914 181 die in coal mine collapse at Eccles WV
1914 F Kaiser discovers asteroid #788 Hohensteina
1914 W H Carrier patents air conditioner
1913 G Neujmin discovers asteroid #751 Faina
1913 J Palisa discovers asteroid #750 Oskar
1910 1st night air flight (Claude Grahame-White, England)
1903 M Wolf discovers asteroid #509 Iolanda
1901 1st soccer game between Belgium (8) & Netherlands (0)
1901 Cleveland's Bock Baker gives up a record 23 singles as White Sox
     beat Blues (Cleveland Blues!) 13-1
1892 1st performance of Antonin Dvor*k's overture "Carneval"
1865 Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera "L'Africaine," premieres in Paris
1865 Opera "L'Africaine" is produced (Paris)
1855 1st veterinary college in US incorporated in Boston
1848 Free last slaves in French colonies
1847 George B Vashon becomes 1st black to enter NY State Bar
1829 Dutch parliament accepts new press laws
1818 Monroe proclaims naval disarmament on Great Lakes & Lake Champlain
1804 31 English ship sail Suriname river demand transition colony
1796 Cease fire of Cherasco
1789 Mutiny on HMS Bounty
1788 Maryland becomes 7th state to ratify constitution
1686 1st volume of Isaac Newton's "Principia" published
1655 English admiral Blake beats Tunen pirate fleet
1635 Virginia Gov John Harvey accused of treason & removed from office
1550 powers of Dutch inquisition extends
1521 Treaty of Worms: Emperor Charles names his brother Ferdinand
     Arch duke of Neth-Austria
1503 Battle at Cerignalo: Spanish army under G C*rdoba beats France
1376 English parliament demands supervision on royal outlay
1253 -May 7th) Utrecht destroyed by fire
1202 King Philip II throws out John without Country, from France
 357 emperor Constantius II visits Rome


Other Occasions...

     Great Poetry Reading Day-Astronomy Day
     Kiss Your Mate Day
     [Ancient Rome] 1st day of Roman festival of Flora; a d iv Kal Maias


Celebrations...

     [Maryland] Ratification Day (1788)


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



--- Peach v1.69
 * Origin: Peach AutoPost v1.01g2 -Peach Software- (1:120/483)
SEEN-BY: 120/228 481 483 544 123/500 261/38 633/260 262 267 270 285 640/954
SEEN-BY: 770/215 771/4020 774/605 2432/200
@PATH: 120/483 481 228 261/38 123/500 774/605 633/260 285 267

T.I.H. for Sunday April 27th, 2003

Peach Post — Sat, 26 Apr 2003 04:00:58 GMT

                              Today In History
        Sunday April 27th, 2003 -- Day Number: 117 - Days left: 248


Those born today...

1992 James Duke Mason, son of singer Belinda Carlisle & Morgan Mason
1975 Andr* Gower, actor (Baby Makes 5, Fathers & Sons, Mr President)
1974 Carlos Fortes, soccer player (Sparta)
1973 Andr* Govan, Culver City Calif, actor (Monster Squad)
1972 David Lascher,
1972 Silvia Farina, Milan Italy, tennis star
1971 Hayley Carr, Salzburg Austria, actress (Courtney-As the World Turns)
1969 Brett Steven, NZ, tennis star
1969 Mica Paris, rocker (So Good)
1967 Bridgette Gordon, Deland Fla, basketball player (Olympic-gold-1988)
1967 Willem-Alexander CGF, Prince of Orange/son of Queen Beatrix of Neth
1963 Arther van Dijk, drummer (Ivy Green)
1963 Grant Show
1963 Schae Harrison, Orange Calif, actress (Darla-Bold & Beautiful)
1961 Moana Pozzi, Genoa Italy, XXX actress (Moana Superstar)
1959 Marco Pirroni, London, rock guitarist (Adam & The Ants)
1959 Sheena Easton, [Shirley Orr], Glasgow Scotland, singer (Sugar Walls)
1958 Keith Denunzio, rocker
1953 Ellen L Shulman Baker, Fayetteville NC, MD/astronaut (STS 34, 50, 71)
1951 Ace Frehley, Bronx NY, heavy metal rocker (Kiss-Beth, Frehley's Comet)
1951 Boris Kinberg, rock percussionist (Mink Deville)
195- Cora Ann Mahalick, news anchor (WNYW-TV)
1949 Douglas Sheehan, Santa Monica Calif, actor (Ben-Knots Landing)
1949 Yoshiaki Fujiwara, wrestler (NJPW/PWF/UWF)
1948 Kate Pierson
1948 Katie Pierson, NJ, vocals/guitarist (B-52's-Rock Lobster, Love Shack)
1947 Ann Peebles, Missouri, singer (I Can't Stand the Rain)
1947 Herbie Murrell, US singer (Stylistics-You are My Everything)
1947 Pete Ham, Swansea Wales, rock vocalist (Badfinger-Come & Get It)
1947 Peter Gena, composer
1945 August Wilson, US, playwright (Fences, Pulitzer 1987)
1944 Cuba Gooding, US singer (Everybody Plays the Fool)
1944 Herb Pedersen, Berkley Ca, singer (Desert Rose Band-Love Reunited)
1944 Michael Fish, British TV weatherman
1943 Helmut Marko, auto racer (Le Mans Grand Prix)
1942 Gordon Roddick, English cosmetic manufacturer (Body Shop)
1942 Valeri Vladimirovich Polyakov, Russian cosmonaut (Soyuz TM-6, TM-18)
1941 Friedrich Goldmann, composer
1941 Jan D Blaauw, Dutch 2nd chamber member (VVD)
1941 Judith Blegen, Missoula Mont, opera singer (Papagena-Magic Flute)
1939 Jerry Mercer, Montreal Canada, rock drummer (April Wine)
1939 Judy Carne, Northhampton Engl, comedienne (Laugh-in, Fair Exchange)
1938 Earl Anthony, bowler (PBA money champ 1974-6, 1981-3)
1937 Phil Jones, newsman (CBS)
1937 Sandy Dennis, Nebraska, actress (Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?)
1932 Anouk Aimee, [Fran*oise Dreyfus], Paris, actress (8*, La Dolce Vita)
1932 Casey Kasem, Detroit, radio personality (American Top 40)
1932 Charles Adkins, US, light welterweight boxer (Olympic-gold-1952)
1932 Chuck Knox, NFL coach (Rams, Bills, Seahawks)
1932 Fran*ois Bayle, composer
1932 Maxine Brown, rocker (Browns)
1932 Petar Ozgijan, composer
1931 Igor Oistrach, Russian violinist/son of David Oistrach
1931 Krzystzof Komeda, composer
1930 Roelof F "Pik" Botha, South African minister of Foreign affairs
1929 Nina Ponomareva Romaschkova, USSR, discus thrower (Oly-gold-1952, 60)
1927 Coretta Scott King, civil rights activist
1927 John Joseph Moakley, (Rep-D-Massachusetts, 1973-  )
1922 Daphne Anderson, London, actress (Beggar's Opera, Hobson's Choice)
1922 Jack Klugman, Phila (Oscar-Odd Couple, Quincy, Goodbye Columbus)
1918 John Scali, newspaperman/correspondent (ABC)
1918 Kirby Stone, NYC, jazz combo leader (Baubles Bangles & Beads)
1918 Willem N "Pim" Koot, pianist of Concert building (Oh, Lady! Lady!)
1916 Jan Rychlik, composer
1914 Albert Soboult, French historian
1912 Franz Weyergans, Belgian literary (Les Gens Heureux)
1911 Colin Gordon, Ceylon, actor (John-Baron)
1911 Georges Dargaud, French publisher (Asterix, Tintin)
1909 Muriel C Bradbrook, English writer (That Infidel Place)
1905 Philip Radcliffe, composer
1904 Arthur F Burns, economist/chairman (Federal Reserve Board)
1904 Cecil Day-Lewis, England, poet laureate/detective (Nicholas Blake)
1904 Ragnar Skrede, Norse poet (Lauvfall)
1903 Frank Belknap Long, American writer (Rim of the Unknown)
1902 Kitty Kelly, NYC, actress (Ladies of the Jury, Behind Office Doors)
1900 Walter Lantz, animator (Woody Woodpecker's creator)
19-- Doug Sheehan, actor (Joe Kelly-General Hospital)
19-- Ellen Regan, LI NY, actress (Irma-Ted Knight Show, Me & Mrs C)
19-- Ingrid Rogers, actress (Taylor-All My Children)
19-- Kylie Travis, London, actress (Rachel-Central Park West, Models Inc)
19-- Michael Evans, actor (Bold & Beautiful-Douglas Austin)
19-- Robert Donner, NYC, actor (Yancy-Waltons, Exidor-Mork & Mindy)
1896 Rogers Hornsby, 2nd baseman (St Louis Cards)
1896 Wallace Hume Carothers, inventor (nylon)
1894 Nicolas Slonimsky, composer
1893 Norman Bel Geddes, Adrian Mich, theatrical designer (Rivals, Dead End)
1892 Louis Victor de Broglie, physicist (studied electrons)
1884 Louis de Bree, [Louis C Davids], actor (Bluejackets)
1883 Hubert Harrison, St Croix Virgin Island, writer/freedom fighter
1875 Andr* Baillon, Belgian/French author (Un homme si simple)
1875 Lumsden Hare, actor (Svengali, Great Impersonation, His Double Life)
1873 Harry M O'Connor, Chicago IL, entertainer^
1871 Arthur Finlay Nevin, composer
1869 William Victor Harris, composer
1865 Emile Erens, Dutch Hagiographer (Pastor of Ars)
1861 Georgy L'vovich Catoire, composer
1861 Johan M Skjoldborg, Danish writer (Dynaes-Digte)
1840 Edward Whymper, 1st to climb Matterhorn (1865)
1835 John Murray Corse, Pitts, Bvt Mjr General (Union volunteers) [or 9/27]
1828 Gerben Colmjon, Dutch Frisian linguist/publisher
1824 William Richard Bexfield, composer
1822 Ulysses S Grant, [Hiram], Ohio (R), 18th president (1869-77)
1820 Herbert Spencer, Derby England, Victorian philosopher (Social Statics)
1812 Friedrich von Flotow, composer
1803 Alfred Julius Becher, composer
1802 Abraham Louis Niedermeyer, composer
1791 Samuel Finley Breece Morse, US painter/inventor (telegraph)
1767 Andreas Jakob Romberg, German violinist/composer (Song of the Clock)
1759 Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, England, writer/feminist (Female Reader)
1737 Edward Gibson, England, historian (Decline & Fall of Roman Emp)
1724 Ferdinand Philipp Joseph Lobkowitz, composer
1707 John Burman, Dutch botanist/director botanical gardens
1701 Charles Emanuel I, King of Sardinia
1623 Johann Adam Reincken, composer
1410 John Van Lannoy, Flemish governor of Holland/Zealand/West Frisia


Those who died today...

1994 John Preston, US writer (Gay House, Big Gay Book), dies at 48
1994 Lynne Frederick Unger, actress (Trail of Pink Panther), dies at 39
1993 Hans Sahl, German/US writer (Tie Exil im Exil), dies at 90
1991 Ken Curtis, actor (Lost, Freckles, Calif Gold Rush), dies at 74
1991 Marcus Heeresma, writer/poet (Anna, Son of a Whore), dies
1984 Piet Kraak, soccer, dies at 63
1982 Tom Tully, actor (Line-up, Shane), dies at 85
1978 Mohammed Daud, premier/president of Afghanistan, murdered
1977 Stanley Adams, actor (Lillies of the Field, Thunder Alley), dies at 61
1975 Nicholas Soussanin, actor (Last Command), dies at 86
1973 Libbe de Wal, founder of Humanistic Covenant, dies at 72
1972 Kwame Nkrumah, president of Ghana, dies at 62
1972 Phil King, rock (Blue Oyster Cult), shot in head at 24 while gambling
1970 Arthur Shields, actor (Your Show Time), dies at 73
1969 Dino Terranova, actor (Young Dillinger), dies at 65
1965 Alan Bunce, actor (Albert-Ethel & Albert), dies at 61
1965 Edward R Murrow, newscaster (Person to Person), dies at 57
1961 Roy Del Ruth, director (About Face, Folies Bergere), dies at 67
1959 Gordon Armstrong, inventor of baby incubator, dies
1957 Mario A Gianini, creator of maraschino cherry, dies
1950 Adam Tadeusz Wieniawski, composer, dies at 70
1950 Karl Straube, German organist/conductor, dies
1938 Edmond Rubbens, Belgian minister to Germany, dies at 44
1937 Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher/marxist theorist, dies at 46
1936 Frederik A Stoett, linguist (Dutch Proverbs), dies at 72
1932 Harold "Heart" Crane, US poet (Bridge), commits suicide at 32
1915 Alexander N Skrjabin, Russian composer (Prometheus), dies at 43
1902 Julius Sterling Morton, who started Arbor Day, dies at 72
1901 Richard Redhead, composer, dies at 81
1893 John Murray Corse, US general (Union), dies on his 58th birthday
1882 Ralph Waldo Emerson, US poet (Representive men), dies
1881 Ludwig A Benedek, Austrian general, dies at 76
1872 Ion Heliade-Radulescu, Romanian politician/author, dies at 70
1871 Sigismond Fortune Fran*ois Thalberg, composer, dies at 59
1813 Zebulon M Pike, US explorer (Pike's Peak), dies in battle at 34
1806 Amalia F*rstin Gallitzin, Prussian daughter of Golitsyn, dies at 57
1764 Jaime de Casellas, composer, dies at 73
1758 Jan Francisci, composer, dies at 67
1702 Jean Bart, French captain/sea hero (Escape out of Plymouth), dies
1695 Sor Juana In*s de la Cruz, [Asbaje], Mexican poetress/nun, dies
1694 Johan Georg IV, ruler of Saxon (1691-94)
1682 Theodorus III, czar of Russia (1676-82), dies
1656 Gerard van Honthorst, painter, dies at 65
1656 John J van Goyen, landscape painter, dies at 60
1605 Leo XI, [Alessandro O de' Medici], Italian Pope (1605), dies at 69
1521 Ferdinand Magellan, world traveler, killed by Filipino natives at 50
1404 Philip, the Stout, Duke of Burgundy, dies at 62
1124 Alexander I, king of Scotland (1107-24), dies
1076 Willem, bishop of Utrecht (1054-76), murderer of earl Floris I, dies


Things that happened today...

4977 -BC- Johannes Kepler's date for creation of universe
1995 Coors Field in Colo opens - Denver Rockies beats Mets 11-9 in 14
1994 29.0*C in Genevad, Sweden (Swedish April high temperature record)
1994 Graeme Obree bicycles world record time (52,713 km)
1994 President Nixon buried in Nixon Library in Calif
1993 Afghan Antonov AN-32 crashes at Tashqurgan, kills 76
1992 NY Jets finish perfect 5-0 pre-season for 1st time
1992 NY Mets trade David Cone to Toronto Blue Jays for Jeff Kent
1990 50th annual barbershop quartet singing convention held (Mich)
1990 Dodger Orel Hershiser undergoes career-threatening shoulder surgery
1990 Villanova's women set a 6,000 m relay world record of 17:18:10
1989 Beijing students take over Tiananmen Square in China
1989 Hurricane in Bangladesh, kills 500
1989 Mandatory seatbelt law goes into effect in Italy
1987 US Justice Dept bars Austrian Chancellor Kurt Waldheim from entering
     US, due to his aid of Nazi Germany during WW II
1986 Captain Midnight (John R MacDougall) interrupts HBO
1984 Asteroid #3625 discovered
1984 Cleve Indians beat Detroit Tigers, 8-4, in 19 innings
1984 Over 70 inches of snow falls on Red Lake Montana
1983 Nolan Ryan becomes strikeout king (3509), passing Walter Johnson
1982 Nordiques 1-Isles 4-Semifinals-Isles hold 1-0 lead
1982 Trial of John W Hinckley Jr attempted assassin of Reagan, begins
1981 1st female soccer official is hired by NASL
1981 Beatle Ringo Starr marries actress Barbara Bach [Goldbach]
1979 George Harrison releases "Love Comes to Everyone"
1978 14th Mayor's Trophy Game, Yanks beat Mets 4-3 in 11
1978 Accident at nuclear reactor Willow Island, W Virginia, kills 51
1978 Afgh*nist*n revolution (National Day), pro-Russian military coup
1977 Bloody riots in Soweto South Africa
1977 H-E Schuster discovers asteroid #2234 Schmadel
1977 HCC, Hobby Computer Club, forms in Netherlands
1976 Abu Dhabi establishes Arabic Monetary Fund
1975 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1974 Pan Am 707 crashes into mountains of Bali, killing 107
1973 KC Royal Steve Busby no-hits Detroit Tigers, 3-0
1972 Apollo 16 returns to Earth
1972 NYC Mayor John Lindsey appeals that John Lennon not be deported
1970 T Smirnova discovers asteroid #2469 Tadjikistan
1968 Balt Oriole Tom Phoebus no-hits Boston, 6-0
1968 Congress of Political Party Radicals (PPR) forms in Netherlands
1968 Jimmy Ellis beats Jerry Quarry for heavyweight boxing title
1967 Expo '67 opens in Montreal
1967 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1966 Dmitri Sjostakovitsj completes his 2nd cello concert
1965 RC Duncan patents "Pampers" disposable diaper
1964 John Lennon's "In His Own Write" is published in US
1963 "Jopie" Pengel forms govt in Suriname
1963 Cuban premier Fidel Castro arrives in Moscow
1962 Arnold Wesker's "Chips with Everything," premieres in London
1962 Goethe Link Observatory discovers asteroids #2334 Cuffey & #3474
1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
1961 NASA launches Explorer 11 into Earth orbit to study gamma rays
1961 NFL officially recognizes Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio
1961 Sierra Leone declares independence from UK
1960 1st atomic powered electric-drive submarine launched (Tullibee)
1960 South Korean pres Syngman Rhee resigns
1960 Togo (formerly French Togo) declares independence from French adm
1959 "Today" show goes abroard 1st time (Paris France)
1959 Liu Sjau-chi elected president of China PR
1956 Burma Premier U Nu's Volksliga voor Vr*heid loses election
1956 Heavyweight champ, Rocky Marciano, retires undefeated from boxing
1953 1st general elections in British Guyana, won by Jagans PPP
1953 Wrestler Freddie Blassie coins term "Pencil neck geek"
1951 Mohammed Mossadeq chosen premier of Persia
1950 South Africa passes Group Areas Act segregating races
1948 Arab legion attacks Gesher bridge on Jordan River
1947 Babe Ruth Day celebrated at Yankee Stadium & through US
1946 1st radar installation aboard a coml ship installed
1945 2nd Republic of Austria forms
1945 Italian partisans take Mussolini prisoner
1945 US 5th army enters Genua
1944 Boston Brave Jim Tobin no-hits Bkln Dodgers, 2-0
1943 Lou Jansen & Jan Dieters arrested, lead illegal CPN party in Holland
1943 Soviet Union breaks contact with Polish government exiled in London
1942 Belgium Jews are forced to wear stars
1942 Tornado destroys Pryor Oklahoma killing 100, injuring 300
1941 German troops occupy Athens Greece
1940 Himmler orders establishment of Auschwitz Concentration Camp
1937 1st US social security payment made
1937 US Social Security system makes its 1st benefit payment
1935 Brussel's World Expo opens
1935 Yanks pull a 1st inning triple-play & beat Phila A's 9-8
1933 Karl Jansky reports reception of cosmic radio signal in Wash DC
1932 Apollo asteroid discovered, with a perigee of 2 million miles
1931 100* F (38* C), Pahala, Hawaii (state record)
1924 Antwerp soccer tie Belgium-Netherlands 1-1
1923 Mussolini govt italian place in South Tirol/Alto Adige
1922 Fritz Langs "Dr Mabuse, der Spieler" premieres in Berlin
1922 Yakut ASSR formed in Russian SFSR
1921 Hadjememaar, [Corn de Gelder] elected in Amsterdam
1920 Pogrom leader Petljoera declares Ukraine Independence
1919 A Schwassmann discovers asteroid #912 Maritima
1918 Bkln Dodgers get 1st victory after worse major league start (0-9)
1912 Relief laws replaces those of 1854, in Netherlands
1910 Belgian parliament rejects socialist motion for general voting rights
1909 Sultan of Turkey Abdul Hamid II is overthrown
1908 4th modern Olympic games opens in London
1905 World Exposition opens in Luik
1903 1st Highlander (Yankee) shut-out, Phila A's win 6-0
1903 Long Island's Jamaica Race Track opens
1897 Grant's Tomb (famed of song & legend) dedicated
1890 French troops under Capt Archinard occupy Ouss*bougou West Sudan
1881 Pogroms against Russian Jews start in Elisabethgrad
1877 Opera "Le Roi de Lahore" is produced (Paris)
1877 President Hayes removes Federal troops from LA, Reconstruction ends
1874 White League, Paramilitary white supremacist organization, forms
1870 Heinrich Schliemann discovers Troi
1867 Opera "Rom*o et Juliette" is produced (Paris)
1865 Cornell University (Ithaca NY) is chartered
1865 Steamboat "Sultana" explodes in Mississippi River, kills up to 1,547
     1450 of 2000 paroled Union POWs on their way home are killed
     when river steamer "Sultana" blows up
1863 Battle of Streight's raid: Tuscumbia to Cedar Bluff, AL
1861 President Abe Lincoln suspends writ of habeas corpus
1861 West Virginia secedes from Virginia after Virginia secedes from US
1860 Thomas J Jackson is assigned to command Harpers Ferry
1859 "Pomona" sinks in North Atlantic drowning all 400 aboard
1857 Establishment of Jewish congregations in Lower Austria prohibited
1841 Imakita Kosen, 1st Zen teacher of D.T. Suzuki, found the awakening
1838 Fire destroys half of Charleston
1828 Zoological Gardens at Regent's Park London, opens
1813 Americans under Gen Pike capture Toronto; Pike is killed
1805 US Marines attack shores of Tripoli
1773 British Parliament passes Tea Act (Boston won't like this)
1746 Battle at Culloden Moor: Duke of Cumberland beats "James VIII & III"
1694 Frederik August I "the Strong" becomes monarch of Saksen
1662 Netherlands & France sign military covenant
1650 Scottish general Montrose defeated
1646 King Charles I flees Oxford
1643 Tirso de Molina's "Bellaco Sois, Gomez," premieres in Madrid
1576 Peace of Beaulieu & Paix de Monsieur
1565 1st Spanish settlement in Philippines, Cebu City, forms
1526 Mogol King Babur beats sultan of Delhi
1522 Battle at Bicacca: Charles I & Pope Adrianus VI beat France
1518 Treaty of St Truiden: anti-French Trapdoors/Bourgondisch covenant
1509 Pope Julius II excommunicates Italian state of Venice


Other Occasions...

     [US] Youth Workout Day


Celebrations...

     [Afgh*nist*n] Anniversary of Saur Revolution (1978)
     [Austria] 2nd Republic Day (1945)
     [Sierra Leone] Independence Day (1961)
     [Togo] Independence day (1960)


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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The monthly rules

Moderator — Fri, 25 Apr 2003 10:20:30 GMT

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T.I.H. for Saturday April 26th, 2003

Peach Post — Fri, 25 Apr 2003 04:00:24 GMT

                              Today In History
        Saturday April 26th, 2003 -- Day Number: 116 - Days left: 249


Those born today...

1984 Ryan O'Donohue, Pomona Ca, actress (Byrds of Paradise, Boys are Back)
1979 Sean Fox,
1966 Andrea Temesvari, Hungary, tennis player (US Clay 1983, 1984)
1964 Tod Bass, LA Calif, actor (Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In)
1962 Graham "Skin" Skinner, rocker (Hipsway)
1962 Michael Damian, San Diego, singer (Rock on)/actor (Young & Restless)
1961 Albert Lawrence, Jamaica, 4X100m relayer (Olympic-silver-1984)
1961 Joan Chen, [Chen Chong], Shanghai China, actress (Heaven & Earth)
1960 Roger Taylor, rock drummer (Duran, Duran-Hungry Like the Wolf)
1958 Giancarlo Esposito, actor (Bob Roberts, School Daze, King of NY)
1958 Johnny "Earl of" Dumfries, racing driver
1956 Koo Stark, [Kathleen Dee-Anne], photographer/actress (Emily)
1952 Popo Simon Molefe, secretary-general (South Africa UDF)
1951 Lynne Jones, MP
1950 Howard "Leon" Reeder, rock guitarist (Champaign)
1950 Peter Schaufuss, director of ballet (Deutsche Opera Berlin)
1949 Jimmy Hall, rocker (Wet Willie)
1948 Gerry Sikorski, (Rep-D-MN, 1983-  )
1948 Stevie Nicks, Calif, rocker/druggie (Fleetwood Mac-Rumours)
1947 Donna Elizabeth De Varona, Greenwich Ct, swimmer (Olympic-2 gold-64)
1944 Bruce Johnston, US pop musician (Beach Boys-God Only Knows) [or 6/24]
1944 David O'B Martin, (Rep-R-NY, 1981-  )
1944 Martha Rockwell, Providence RI, skier
1943 Gary Wright, singer, dream weaver (Spooky Tooth-It's All About)
1942 Bobby Rydell, Phila Pa, rock singer (Wild One, Bye Bye Birdie)
1942 Claudine Auger, Paris France, Miss France (1958)/actress (Thunderball)
1942 V A Grishchenko, cosmonaut
1941 John Battle, MP
1940 Giorgio Moroder, rocker
1939 Roger Buckley, British High Court Judge
1938 Duane Eddy, Phoenix, Az, country singer (Peter Gunn, Cannonball)
1938 Maurice Williams, rocker
1938 Willie Wood, bowler
1937 Robert Boozer, Omaha Neb, basketball player (Olympic-gold-1960)
1936 Edward Cazalet, British High Court Judge
1934 J Micheal McCloskey, environmentalist, Sierra Club chairman
1933 Carol Burnett, San Antonio Tx, comedian/actress (Annie, 4 Seasons)
1930 Derek Waring, actor^
1930 Justin Gosling, principal (St Edmund Hall Oxford)
1930 Roger Moens, Belgium, 800m runner (Olympic-silver-1960)
1928 Gordon Downey, British Comptroller General/Reader Rep (Independent)
1927 Anne McLaren, biologist/zoologist
1927 Jack Douglas, comedian (My Brother Was an Only Child, Jack Paar Show)
1926 Anton PO Ekstr*m, Swedish writer (Summer Dances)
1926 David Coleman, sports commentator
1926 Michael Joughin, CEO (Scottish Hydro-Electric)
1926 Oldrich Frantisek Korte, composer
1926 Preston "Bob" Tisch, NFL co-owner (NY Giants)
1924 Russell Nype, Zion Ill, singer/actor (Burton Farley-Dorothy)
1923 Oliver Millar, Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures
1922 James Holt, medieval historian
1922 Jeanne Sauv*, 1st female Governor-General (Canada, 1984-90)
1922 Margaret Scott, founder (Australian Ballet School)
1922 Mike Kellin, Hartford Ct, actor (Honestly Celeste, Fitz & Bones)
1922 Paul-Andre Gaillard, composer
1922 Pol Bury, Belgian sculptor
1921 Harry Knutton, Maj-Gen/dir-general (London City & Guilds Institute)
1921 Jimmy Giuffre, jazz musician
1921 Margaret Gowing, professor of history of science
1920 Juan C Lampe, Aruba, pianist/composer
1918 Fanny Blankers-Koen, Holland, 100m/200m dash, hurdler (Olym-gold-1948)
1918 Jack Morpurgo, American Literature scholar (Leeds University)
1918 Stafford Repp, Calif, actor (Chief O'Hara-Batman, Plunder Road)
1917 Ieoh Ming "I M" Pei, architect (1961 Brunner Prize)
1917 Sal "The Barber" Maglie, pitcher, 8th all-time won-lost pct
1916 Arnoldus Christian Vlok van Wyk, composer
1916 Morris L West, Australia, novelist (Shoes of the Fisherman)
1914 Bernard Malamud, US, novelist (Fixer, Natural, Pulitizer 1967)
1914 Charlie Chester, comedian^
1914 Wilfred Howard Mellers, composer
1912 A[lfred] E[lton] van Vogt, Canada, sci-fi author (Wizard of Linn)
1911 Marianne Hoppe, Rostock Germany
1910 Erland von Koch, composer
1910 Ernst Tittel, composer
1910 Johan Doorn, Dutch journalist/resistance fighter (Orange Newspaper)
1907 Theun de Vries, writer (February; PC Hooft prize 1981)
1906 Gracie Allen, Mrs George Burns, comedienne (George Burns Show)
1906 Leopold Spinner, composer
1905 Charles K Feldman, [Gould], NYC, producer (Casino Royale)
1905 Denis O'Dea, Dublin, actor (Esther & the King, Treasure Island)
1905 Jean Vigo, France, actor/director (Zero For Conduct, L'Atlante)
1904 Paul E "Cardinal" Leger, archbishop of Montreal
1904 William "Count" Basie, jazz pianist
1903 Geoffrey Worthington, Air vice-marshall
1903 Niven Busch, US screenwriter (Postman Always Rings Twice)
1900 Charles Richter, Ohio, Earthquakes seismologist (Richter scale)
1900 Douglas Sirk, director (Zu Neuen Ufern, Boefje)
1900 James Sutherland, English literature scholar
19-- Dick Nasty, XXX actor
19-- Diego Verdaguer, Buenos Aires Argentina, spanish singer (Estoy Celoso)
19-- Heather Rattray, actress (Lily-As the World Turns)
19-- Jamal, [Taleeb Sajada Phillips], Newark NJ, rapper (Illegal)
19-- Ron McLarty, Providence RI, actor (Sgt Frank Belson-Spenser For Hire)
1899 Guinn "Big Boy" Williams, TX, actor (Hoedown, Country Fair, Blackmail)
1898 Edward PF Eagan, Denver, boxer (Oly-gold-20)/bobsledder (Oly-gold-32)
1898 John Grierson, documentary film maker
1898 Vicente Aleixandre, Spain, writer (Ambito, Bird of Paper, Nobel 1977)
1897 Olga Chekova, Russia, actress (Italian Strawhat, Cry of the Children)
1894 Rudolf Hess, Hitler's Deputy F*hrer, only prisoner at Spandau
1893 Anita Loos, author (Gentlemen Prefer Blondes)
1890 Edgar "E Livingstone" Kennedy, US actor/director (My Old Dutch)
1889 Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austria, philosopher (Tractatus)
1888 Aleksandr Mikhailov, USSR, astronomer
1886 Ma Rainey, [Gertrude Pridgett], "Mother of the Blues", US blues singer
1884 Harry Sothern, actor (Dr Huer-Buck Rogers)
1880 Mikhail Fokine, Russia, choreographer/founder of modern dance
1879 Owen Williams Richardson, England, physicist (Nobel 1928)
1878 Ethel Griffies, actress (Billy Liar, Birds, We Live Again)
1875 Syngman Rhee, South Korea, pres of South Korea (1948-60) [or Mar 26]
1873 Otto zur Linde, German author (Charon)
1868 Harold Sidney Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Rothermere/Newspaper publisher
1868 Robert Herrick, US writer (Common lot)
1863 Charles Haslewood Shannon, lithographer/painter
1860 Alphonse M A J Ari*ns, Dutch pastor
1841 Wilhelm Scherer, German literature historian
1839 Cyrus Hamblin, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1867
1836 Erminnie Adelle Platt, US, ethnologist (Iriquois-English Dictionary)
1834 Artemus Ward, (Charles Farrar Browne), humorist
1834 Horatio Richmond Palmer, composer
1827 Charles Edward Hovey, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
1822 Frederick Law Olmsted, architect/writer (designed Central Park)
1822 Jan Albert van Eyken, composer/organist
1820 Alice Cary, Cincinnati, American poet (Cincinnati Sentinel)
1812 Alfred Krupp, German arms merchant
1806 Ludwig Friedrich Hetsch, composer
1798 Ferdinand Eug*ne Delacroix, French painter/lithograph/etcher (Journal)
1796 Auguste-Matthieu Panseron, composer
1785 John James Audubon, Haiti, bird watcher/artist
1782 Maria Amalia of Bourbon-Sicily, wife of Louis Phillip of Austria
1776 Joan M Kemper, Dutch lawyer (designed civil code law book)
1726 Pasquale Paoli, Corsican freedom fighter
1718 Esek Hopkins, US, 1st commander-in-chief (US Navy)
1711 David Hume, England, empiricist/philosopher (Treatise of Human Nature)
1648 Pedro II, King of Portugal (1683-1706)
1637 Philip J van Lichtenbergh, Governor of Suriname, baptized
1603 Francesco Nigetti, composer
1573 Marie de'Medici, Queen of France
1567 Nicolas Forme, composer
1564 William Shakespeare, Stratford-on-Avon England, playwright (Hamlet)
1538 Giovanni P Lomazzo, Italian writer/poet (Trattato)
1319 Jean II, the Good, king of France (1350-64)
 121 Antonius Marcus Aurelius, [Marcus A Verus], Emperor of Rome (161-180)


Those who died today...

1992 Alberta Vaughn, actress (Wild Horse, Silver Devil), dies at 87
1992 Clyde Hartley, entertainer, dies at 68
1991 Carmine Coppola, composer/father of Francis Ford Coppola, dies
1991 Emily McLaughlin, US actress (Jessie-General Hospital), dies at 60
1990 Carlos Pizarro, Colombian presidents candidate, murdered
1989 Lucille Ball, comedienne/actress dies at 78 of a massive heart attack
1986 Bessie Love, actress (Broadway Melody, Isadora), dies at 87
1986 [William] Broderick Crawford, actor (Highway Patrol), dies at 74
1984 Henry Rowland, actor (Rogue's Regiment), dies at 70
1984 May McAvoy, actress (Ben-Hur), dies at 82 after a heart attack
1984 William "Count" Basie, jazz piano great, dies on 80th birthday
1983 Bronislaw Kaper, composer, dies at 81
1983 Vaughn Taylor, actor (Johnny Jupiter), dies at 72
1982 Celia Johnson, British actress (Jean Brodie), dies of stroke at 73
1982 Ville Ritola, Finnish 5/10km runner (Olympic-gold-1924, 28), dies
1981 Jim Davis, actor (Jack Ewing-Dallas), dies at 65
1981 Madge Evans, TV panelist (Masquerade Party), dies at 71
1981 Robert Davi, dies at 54
1980 Cicely Courtneidge, actress (Double Exposure), dies at 87
1976 Allan Jackson, newscaster (Youth Takes a Stand), dies at 60
1976 Neil McCallum, actor (Pete-Saber of London), dies at 45
1976 Sidney James, actor (Lavander Hill Mob, Carry On), dies at 65
1973 Irene Ryan, actress (Granny-Beverly Hillbillies), dies at 69
1972 Margaret AR Bonds, US pianist/composer/arranger, dies at 59
1970 Gypsy Rose Lee, stripper/actress (Pruitts of S Hampton), dies at 56
1965 Aaron Avshalomov, composer, dies at 70
1964 Edwin John Pratt, poet/literature professor
1964 Pieter Van de Line, geologist (Keienboek), dies at 93
1961 Gail Russell, actress (Calcutta, Moonrise, El Paso), dies at 36
1960 Wander J de Hare, physicist (Einstein-de Hare effect), dies at 82
1958 Johan NC "Joan" Collette, painter, dies at 68
1956 Edward Arnold, actor (Mr Smith Goes to Washington), dies at 66
1952 Charles L Bass, actor (Vrouwentemmers), dies at 59
1951 John Alden Carpenter, composer, dies at 75
1946 Hermann Keyserling, German philosopher (Unsterblichkeit), dies at 65
1941 Jean Demoor, Belgian physician/physiology, dies at 74
1940 Carl Bosch, German chemist (BASF, IG Farben, Nobel 1931), dies
1938 Edmund Husserl, German philosopher (study of phenomenon), dies at 79
1924 Josef Labor, composer, dies at 82
1922 Hans Sommer, composer, dies at 84
1920 Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indies genius (*/Notebooks), dies at 32
1910 Bj*rnstjerne Bj*rnson, Norwegian writer (Mary, Nobel 1903), dies
1907 Pietro Plantania, composer, dies at 79
1865 Charles J Sax, Belgian inventor (saxophone), dies at 74
1865 John Wilkes Booth, assassin, is shot dead at 27 near Bowling Green VA
1827 Bernardo Ottani, composer, dies at 90
1805 Jean BG d'ansse the Villoison, classic (Anecdota Graeca), dies at 55
1789 Peter I Panin, Russian general (Pugatshov-uprising), dies at about 67
1785 Karl Siegmund von Seckendorff, composer, dies at 40
1731 Daniel Defoe, English author (Robinson Crusoe), dies at about 70
1726 Jeremy Collier, historian/opponent to theater, dies
1703 Georg Christoph Leuttner, composer, dies at 58
1648 Christoph Thomas Walliser, composer, dies at 79
1558 Jean Fran*ois Fernel, French physician, dies
1478 Giuliano de' Medici, Medeheerser of Florence, murdered at about 24
1444 Robert Campin, South Neth painter/porter of Doornik, dies at about 65
1196 Alfonso II, King of Aragon (1162-96), dies
 757 Stephen II, [III/Orsini?], Pope (752-57), dies


Things that happened today...

1996 Sotherby ends 4 day auction of Jackie O stuff-take in $34.5 million
1995 Baseball season begins after lengthy strike
1994 26.9*C in Prestebakke Norway (Norwegian April high temp record)
1994 Mad About You actress Leila Kenzel (33) weds Neil Monaco (34)
1994 Taiwan Airbus A-300 crashes at Nagoya Japan, 262 killed
     1st multi-racial election in South Africa begins [3 days]
     Dr Nomaza Paintin in NZ is 1st black South African to vote
1993 Boeing 737 crashes at Aurangabad, kills 56
1993 NBC announces Conan O'Brien to replace David Letterman
1993 STS-55 (Columbia) launches into orbit
1992 "Jolly's Last Jam" opens at Virginia theater on Broadway
1992 "Who's The Boss," final episode after 8 years
1992 Alex Haley, (Roots), wins 1992 Ellis Island Award, posthumously
1992 Final episode of "Growing Pains" airs
1992 Ozzie Smith steals his 500th base
1991 "Dinosaurs" premieres on ABC-TV
1991 23 killed in Kansas & Okla by tornadoes
1990 126 die in a (6.9) earthquake in China
1990 Danny Wood of New Kids, steps on a stuffed animal & twists his ankle
1990 NY court of appeals ends 2* year legal battle over 1988 America's
1990 Nolan Ryan ties Bob Feller's record of pitching 12 1-hitters
     Cup by refusing jurisdiction of case
1989 AT&T announces NJ's 201 area code will split into 908 & 201
1989 Mike Tyson is ticketed for driving 71 MPH in 30 mile zone in Albany
1988 1st TNN Viewers choice awards-Randy Travis wins in 5 categories
1988 NBA approves addition of 3rd referee in 1988-89 season
     NY Met Davey Johnson becomes 2nd manager to record 400 victory
     in 1st 4 years (Al Lopez did it 1st)
1986 Actor/body builder Arnold Schwarzenegger weds newscaster Maria Shriver
1986 France performs nuclear test
1986 Worst nuclear disaster, Chernobyl USSR, 31 die
1984 Liverpool's Cavern Club reopens
1984 Pres Reagan visits China
1983 Bruins 2-Isles 5-Wales Conf Championship-Isles hold 1-0 lead
1983 Dow Jones Industrial Avg breaks 1200 for 1st time
1983 San Antonio spurs beat Denver Nuggets, 152-133 in NBA playoff game
1982 Argentina surrenders to Britain on S Georgia near Falkland Island
1982 CBS radio begins youth oriented broadcast Radio Radio
1982 Rod Stewart is mugged, gunman steals his $50,000 Porsche
1980 Gerard N*boer runs Dutch record marathon (2:09:01)
1980 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1980 Iran begins scattering US hostages from US Embassy
1980 Longest jump by a jet boat is set at 120'
1980 Phillies' Steve Carlton pitches his 6th 1-hitter (beats Cards)
1978 France routes troops to Chad
1978 NASA launches space vehicle S-201
1977 NY's famed disco Studio 54 opens
1976 Felix Aguilar Observatory discovers asteroid #3649
1976 Pan Am begins non-stop flights NYC-Tokyo
1975 Mario Soares' Socialist Party wins 1st free election in Portugal
1975 Penguins 0-Isles 1-Quarterfinals-Isles win series 4-3
1974 Landslide in Huancavelica Province Peru creates a natural dam
1974 Malta adopts constitution
1974 Yankees trade Peterson, Beene, Kline & Buskey to Indians for
     Chambliss, Tidrow & Upshaw
1973 2 Gentlemen of Verona, musical opens in London
1973 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1971 Heaviest rains ever in Bahia district of Brazil, 15" in 24 hrs
1971 SF lightship replaced by automatic buoy
1971 Turkey state of siege proclaimed
1970 Stephen Sondheim's musical "Company," premieres in NYC
1968 Students seize administration building at Ohio State
1968 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1968 US underground nuclear test, "Boxcar", 1 megaton device
1967 KSPS TV channel 7 in Spokane, WA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1966 Arnold "Red" Auerbach retires as Boston Celtic's coach
1965 Ives' 4th Symphony premieres
1964 Boston beats SF, 4 games to 1, for 6th straight NBA championship
1964 Tanganyika & Zanzibar form United Republic of Tanganyika & Zanzibar
1962 1st Lockheed A-12 flies
1962 Ranger 4 crash lands on Moon
1962 Red Sox Bill Monbouquette no-hits White Sox 1-0
1962 US/UK launch Ariel; 1st international payload
1961 French Army revolt fails
1961 Roger Maris hits 1st of 61 homers in 1961
1959 Cuba invades Panama
1957 Jamestown, Va 350th Anniversary Festival opens
1954 Far Eastern Affairs conference opens in Geneva
1954 Nationwide test of Salk anti-polio vaccine begins
1952 Patty Berg scores 64, best competitive round of golf by a woman
1952 US minesweeper "Hobson" rams aircraft carrier "Wasp," kills 176
1951 Queen Juliana opens Brielsche Mausoleum
1950 Last horse race at Havre de Grace Track in Md, is run
1950 U of Miami ends William & Mary straight tennis match victories at 82
1947 "Bless the Bride" musical opens in London
1944 1st B-29 attacked by Japanese fighters, one fighter shot down
1944 Papandreou govt in Greece forms
1942 Coal mine explosion kills 1,549 at Honkeiko Manchuria
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Bath
1941 A tradition begins, 1st organ at a baseball stadium (Chicago Cubs)
1941 Potatoes rationed in Holland
1941 Y Vaisala discovers asteroid #2091 Sampo
1938 Austrian Jews required to register property above 5,000 Reichsmarks
1937 German Luftwaffe destroys Basque town of Guernica in Spain
1936 Dmitri Sjostakovitsj completes his 4th Symphony
1935 Frank Boucher is given NHL's Lady Byng Trophy for sportsmanship
     permanently for winning it 7 of 11 years
1933 Jewish students are barred from school in Germany
1932 Jean Anouilh's "L'Ermine," premieres in Paris
1931 Lou Gehrig hits a HR but is called out for passing a runner,
     mistake costs him AL home run crown; he & Babe Ruth tie for season
1929 1st non-stop England to India flight lands
1928 Madame Tussaud's waxwork exhibition opens in London
1926 Germany & Russia sign neutrality/peace treaty
1926 Karachai Autonomous Region forms in RSFSR (until 1943)
1925 Pulitzer prize awarded to Edna Ferber for "So big"
1923 English prince Albert (George VI) marries lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
1920 H Shapley & H.D. Curtis hold "great debate" on nature of nebulae
1917 M Wolf discovers asteroid #868 Lova
1913 Panama-Pacific International Exposition opens in SF
1913 Sun Yet San announces revolt against pres Yuan Shikai in China
1912 1st homerun hit at Fenway Park (Hugh Bradley, Red Sox)
1908 J H Metcalf discovers asteroid #756 Lilliana
1907 Jamestown, Va Tercentenary Exposition opens
1906 1st motion pictures shown in Hawaii
1905 Cubs Jack McCarthy becomes only major league player to throw out 3
     runners at plate in 1 game, all were ends of a double play
1904 Bell Telephone Company of Antwerp Belgium forms
1893 1st Cleveland Board of Park Commissioners forms
1890 Henry Morton Stanley inaugurated in London
1887 Huntsville Electric Co forms to sell electricity
1884 J Palisa discovers asteroid #236 Honoria
1876 J Perrotin discovers asteroid #163 Erigone
1865 A De Gasparis discovers asteroid #83 Beatrix
1865 Battle of Ft Tobacco, VA
1865 Battle of Durham Station, NC (Greensboro)
1865 Confederate general Joseph Johnston surrenders
1865 Gen Joseph E Johnston surrenders Army of Tennessee, at Durham, NC
1861 G Schiaparelli discovers asteroid #69 Hesperia
1855 Composer Gioacchino Rossini leaves Italy
1853 King Willem III disbands 2nd Chamber
1841 "Bombay Gazette" begins publishing
1835 Fr*d*ric Chopins "Grand Polonaise Brillante," premieres in Paris
1819 Odd Fellows Lodge forms
1814 King Louis XVIII lands on Calais, from England
1803 Meteorites fall in L'Aigle, France
1777 Sybil Ludington, 16, rode from NY to Ct rallying her fathers militia
1755 1st Russian university opens (Moscow)
1709 Fries viceroy Johan Willem Friso marries countess Maria Louisa
1677 Emperor Leopold I forms University of Innsbruck
1655 Dutch West Indies Co denies Peter Stuyvesant's desire to exclude
     Jews from New Amsterdam
1654 Jews are expelled from Brazil
1607 1st British to establish an American colony land at Cape Henry, Va
1564 William Shakespeare baptized
1532 Sultan Suleiman through Hungary on away to Vienna
1514 Copernicus makes his 1st observations of Saturn
1478 1st Easter
1478 Pazzi conspirators attack Lorenzo & kill Giuliano de'Medici
1220 German king Frederik II grants bishops sovereign rights
 757 Paolo Orsini replaces his brother Pope Stephen II, as Paul I


Other Occasions...



Celebrations...

     [Georgia] Confederate Memorial Day (1868)
     [Guinea-Bissau] Municipal Holiday
     [Tanzania] Union Day (1964)
     [Virginia] Cape Henry Day


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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T.I.H. for Friday April 25th, 2003

Peach Post — Thu, 24 Apr 2003 04:00:22 GMT

                              Today In History
        Friday April 25th, 2003 -- Day Number: 115 - Days left: 250


Those born today...

1985 Jonathan Halyalkar, Ramsey NJ, actor (Billy-Who's the Boss)
1977 Jonathan Angel, SF Calif, actor (Tommy Delucca-Saved By The Bell)
1977 Marguerite Moreau,
1975 Ruben Gomez, rocker (Menudo-Cannonball)
1973 Barbara Rittner, Krefeld German FR, tennis star
1967 Cameo, XXX actress (Patriot Dames, Suburban Buttnicks, Women in Need)
1966 Isabelle Pasco, France, actress (Ave Maria)/model (Elle, Vogue)
1964 Andy Bell, rocker (Erasure-Oh L'Amour)
1959 Billy Rankin, Glasgow, Scotland, rocker
1958 Fish, [Derek William Dick], Scottish vocalist (Marillion-Sugar Mice)
1957 Eric Bristow, "Crafty Cockney", Engld, dart thrower (5 World Masters)
1955 Buster Mottram, tennis player
1955 John Nunn, British chess player
1954 Rob Crosby, Sumter SC, country singer (She's a Natural)
1952 Cory Day, Bronx NY, rock vocalist
1951 Ian McCartney, MP
1951 Linda Stone, pharmacist
1950 Steve Ferrone, Sussex, rock drummer (Average White Band)
1949 Michael Brown, NYC, keyboardist (Left Bank-Don't Walk Away Renee)
1947 Bill Fontana, composer
1947 Jeffrey DeMunn, Buffalo NY, actor (Blaze, Frances, Windy City)
1947 Johan Cruyff, Dutch soccer player/coach (Ajax/Barcelona)
1946 ... Zhirinovsky, [Edelstein], Russian ultra nationalist/anti semite
1946 Digby Fairweather, jazz trumpeter
1946 Peter Sutherland, CEO (Allied Irish Banks)
1946 Ronnie Gilbert, rocker
1946 Talia Shire, [Coppola], Lake Success NY, actress (Adrienne-Rocky)
1946 Vladimir Zhirinovsky, [Edelstein], Russian nationalist/anti-semite
1945 Bjorn Ulvaeus, rock vocalist/guitarist (ABBA-Waterloo, Dancing Queen)
1945 Michael Kogel, rocker
1945 Stu Cook, rock bassist (Creedence Clearwater Revival-Proud Mary)
1945 Walt Wesley, NBA star (Cleve Cavaliers, Milwaukee Bucks, LA Lakers)
1944 John Bryant, editor (Europeans)
1942 John Martin Dalby, composer
1942 Jon Kyl, (Rep-R-Arizona)
1941 Bertrand Tavernier,
1941 Chris Augustine, rocker (Every Mother's Son)
1941 Lawrence J Smith, (Rep-D-FL, 1983-  )
1940 Al Pacino, NYC, actor (And Justice For All, Godfather, Scorpio)
1940 Marian Norrie^
1940 OB McClinton, [Burnett], country singer (Keep your arms around me)
1939 Richard earl of Lichfield, English photographer
1939 Veronica Sutherland, British diplomat
1937 Bo Brundin, Stockholm Sweden, actress (Rhinemann Exchange)
1937 Thomas Faber, publisher
1934 David de Peyer, cancer research campaigner
1934 Denny "Scott" Miller, Bloomington Ind, actor (Wagon Train)
1933 Helen Paling, British circuit judge
1933 Jerry Leiber, rock songwriter
1932 Lia Manoliu, Romania, discus thrower (Olympic-gold-1968)
1932 Meadowlark Lemmon, basketball star (Harlem Globetrotter) [or 0421]
1932 William Roache, England, actor (Ken Barlow-Coronation Street)
1931 David Shepherd, painter
1930 Dotty Mack, Cincinnati Ohio, actress (Paul Dixon Show)
1930 Paul Mazursky, Brooklyn, writer/director (Moscow on the Hudson)
1929 Jos* Angel Valente, Spanish poet (A modo the esperanza)
1929 Yvette Corlett, athlete
1929 Yvette Williams, NZ, long jumper (Oly-gold-52)
1927 Ernst Widmer, composer
1926 Paul Walter Furst, composer
1925 Anthony Christopher, British trade unionist
1924 Erzsebet Szonyi, composer
1924 Franco Mannino, composer
1923 Aafje JR Bouber, [Blom], actress (Traveller Without Baggage)
1923 Albert King, Mississippi, blues singer/guitarist (Bad Look Blues)
1923 Anita Bjorak, actress (Miss Julie, Loving Couples, Night People)
1923 Francis Graham-Smith, British astronomer
1923 Melissa Hayden, Toronto Canada, ballerina (1961 Silver Bowl)
1921 Jean Mogin, Belgian poet
1921 Karel Appel, painter (Vragende Children)
1920 Marre, reformer of the bar
1919 Heinz Wunderlich, composer
1918 Astrid Varnay, Stockholm Sweden, soprano (Met Opera 1941-56)
1918 Ella Fitzgerald, Newport News VA, jazz singer (Is it live or Memorex)
1918 [Ibolyka] Astridm Varnay, Hungarian/US singer (Walk*re)
1915 A J A Quintus Bosz, Indonesian/Suriname lawyer
1914 Marcos Perez Jimenez, president/dictator Venezuela
1913 Earl Bostic, Tulsa OK, alto sax player (Flamingo, Temptation)
1913 Russ Conway, Brandon Manitoba, actor (Richard Diamond Private Eye)
1912 Gladys L Presley, mother of Elvis
1909 Jaroslav Doubrava, composer
1908 Edward R Murrow, Pole Creek NC, newscaster (Person to Person)
1907 Paula Trueman, NYC, actress (Gran-Billy)
1907 Vasily Pavlovich Solov'yov-Sedoy, composer
1906 William J Brennan Jr, NJ, 92nd Supreme Court judge (1956-90) [or 8/25]
1906 Zoltan Gardonyi, composer
1903 Carl Gustav Sparre Olsen, composer
1901 Ernst Gernot Klussmann, composer
1900 Lord Gladwyn, British Liberal
1900 Wolfgang Pauli, Swiss/Us physicist (Pauli inhibition, Nobel 1945)
19-- Lynn Hamilton, Yazoo City Miss, actress (Donna-Sanfords & Son)
19-- Nestor Torres, Cuba, flutist
19-- Pamela Brull, Monterey Park Calif, actress (Maya-Secret Empire)
19-- Tara Monroe, XXX actress (Sisters)
1897 Haro Levoni Step'anyan, composer
1897 VAA Mary, English princess
1895 Stanley Rous, British soccer official
1883 Elsa Maxwell, Keokuk Iowa, writer (Jack Paar Show)
1881 Hans Windisch, German new testament expert
1876 Ruben Marcos Campos, composer
1874 Guglielmo Marconi, Bologna Italy, inventor (radio) (Nobel 1909)
1872 Charles Burgess Fry, cricketer/world record long jumper
1871 Sara Amsel, Indonesian/Dutch actress
1869 Karl Prohaska, composer
1867 Jean Demoor, Belgian physician/physiologist
1862 Edward Grey, English viscount of Fallodon/minister of Foreign affairs
1849 Felix Klein, German mathematician (Evanston Colloquium)
1842 Antonio Fogazzarro, Italian writer/poet (Il santo/Leila)
1841 Pauline Lucca, soprano
1840 James Dearing, Brig General (Confederate Army), died in 1865
1840 Peter Il'yich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (1812 Overture) (5/7 NS)
1837 William Charles Levey, composer
1825 Charles Ferdinand Dowd, US, standardized time zones
1824 Gustave-Rodolphe-Clarence Boulanger, painter
1818 Marek Konrad Sokolowski, composer
1792 John Keble, Anglican priest/founder (Oxford Movement)
1769 Mark Isambard Brunel, engineer/inventor
1730 Fedele Fenaroli, composer
1723 Giovanni Marco Rutini, composer
1710 James Ferguson, astronomer
1690 Gottlieb Muffat, composer
1677 Guillaume Coustou Sr, French sculptor (Chevaux the Marly)
1666 Johann Heinrich Buttstett, composer
1614 Hieronymus van Beverningk, chief Dutch treasurer/maecenas
1614 Marc'Antonio Pasqualini, composer
1608 Jean BG duke of Orl*ans, brother of French King Louis XIII/general
1599 Oliver Cromwell, Puritan lord protector of England (1653-58)
1567 Aurelio Signoretti, composer
1284 Edward II, King of England (1307-27)
1228 Koenraad IV, Roman Catholic German king (1237-54)
1214 Louis IX, King of France (1226-70)


Those who died today...

1995 Ginger Rogers, actress/dancer, dies at 83
1994 George Gennimatas, Greek minister of National Economy, dies at 55
1994 Talaat Yassin Hamman, militant Moslem leader, shot dead at 32
1993 Rosita Moreno, actress (Walls of Gold), dies of heart attack at 85
1992 Brian Macleod, Canadian musician, dies of cancer at 39
1992 Dany [Dani*l S] Tuijnman, Dutch min of traffic & water, dies at 77
1992 Panos Christi, entertainer, dies of AIDS at 54
1992 Yutaka Ozaki, Japanese rock artist, dies at 26 of pulmonary edema
1991 Frank Hamilton, actor (Subterraneans), dies at 66
1991 Theo Laseroms, [Tank], soccer player (Feyenoord), dies
1990 Dexter Gordon, Jazz saxophonist, dies of kidney failure at 67
1989 George Coulouris, actor (Papillon, Runaway Bus), dies at 85
1988 Boris Kremenliev, composer, dies at 76
1988 Carolyn Franklin, singer/songwriter/son of Aretha, dies at 43
1988 Clifford D[onald] Simak, sci-fi author (Hugo, Way Station), dies at 83
1985 Murray Matheson, actor (Felix-Banacek), dies at 72
1985 Richard Haydn, British actor (Mutiny on the Bounty), dies at 80
1984 Richard Benedict, actor (Okinawa), dies at 64 of a heart attack
1982 Celia Johnson, actress (Brief Encounter, Happy Breed), dies at 73
1982 Don Wilson, TV announcer (Jack Benny Show), dies at 81
1982 John Cody, US cardinal/archbishop of Chicago (1965-82), dies at 74
1982 Paul de Vree, Flemish writer/essayist (Round Table), dies
1982 William R Burnett, US, writer (Asphalt Jungle), dies at 82
1981 Dixie, a mouse who lived 6* years
1976 Carol Reed, director (Agony & Ecstasy), dies
1976 Margaret Bannerman, actress (Great Defender), dies at 79
1972 George Sanders, actor (Mr Freeze-Batman, Ivanhoe), dies at 65
1971 Max Drischner, composer, dies at 80
1970 Anita Louise, actress (Gorilla, Anthony Adverse), dies at 53
1969 Margarita Xirgu, actress (Bloody Wedding), dies at 80
1966 Maurice Roelants, Belgian author, dies at 70
1960 Amanullah, emir/king of Afhanistan (1919-28), dies at 67
1960 Hope Emerson, actress (I Married Joan, Peter Gunn), dies at 62
1960 Ilmari Henrik Reinhold Krohn, composer, dies at 92
1955 Constance Collier, actress (Perils of Pauline), dies at 77
1955 Paulus B Barth, Swiss painter/lithographer, dies
1954 Joseph Hergesheimer, novelist (Java Head), dies
1951 Jerzy Fitelberg, composer, dies at 47
1943 Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko, playwright/director, dies
1937 Clem Sohn, air show performer dies at 26 when his chute fails to open
1928 Pjotr N Wrangel, Russian baron general, dies
1926 Ellen Key, Swedish author/feminist (Century of the Child), dies
1925 George Stephanescu, composer, dies at 81
1915 Nicola d' Arienzo, composer, dies at 72
1906 John Knowles Paine, composer, dies at 67
1905 Jacob Olie, photographer, dies
1882 Johann CF Z*llner, German astronomer (astro photography), dies
1873 Walter de la Mare, Engl poet/author (Behold the Dreamer), dies at 43
1862 Charles Ferguson Smith, US Union Gen-Maj, dies of infection at 55
1853 William Beaumont, physiologist, dies
1845 Thomas Duncan, painter, dies
1840 Sim*on-Denis Poisson, French mathematician (Poisson verdeling), dies
1828 John Goldberg, patriot/statesman, dies at 64
1822 Frederick "William" Herschel, German/British astronomer, dies at 83
1808 Alois Luigi Tomasini, composer, dies at 67
1800 William Cowper, English lawyer/poet (Olney Hymns), dies at 68
1792 Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Beckmann, composer, dies at 54
1792 Nicolas J Pelletier, Frenchman, 1st guillotined
1744 Anders Celsius, Swedish astronomer (Centegrade Thermometer), dies
1728 John Woodward, geologist/physician, dies
1690 David Teniers the Younger, Flemish painter (Pictorium), dies at 79
1663 Heinrich Pape, composer, dies at 53
1647 Matthias Gallas, Austrian earl of Campo/duke of Lucerna, dies at 62
1635 Alessandro Tassoni, Italian poet (La Secchia Rapita), dies at 69
1607 Don Juan Alvarez, Spanish Admiral (Gibraltar), dies in battle
1607 Jacob van Heemskerck, Dutch Admiral (Nova Zambia), dies in battle
1595 Torquato Tasso, poet, dies
1566 Diane de Poitiers, of French King Henry II, dies
1482 Margaret of Anjou, Queen (Henry VI), dies
1472 Leon Battista degli Alberti, scupltor/musician (Dinner Pieces), dies
1342 Benedict XII, [Jacques Fournier], Pope (1334-42), dies
1295 Sancho IV, the brave, leader/king of Castili*/Le*n, dies
 974 Ratherius Van Verona/Luik, bishop/abbot, dies at about 84
1995 Warren E Burger, chief justice of US (1969-86), dies


Things that happened today...

1994 14" of snow in Southern Calif
1994 Bomb attack on taxi stand in Johannesburg, 10 killed
1994 Fishing boat with school children capsize at Lanaka Syria, 46 killed
1994 King Azlan Shah of Malaysia resigns
1994 Mexican businessman & billionaire Angel Losada kidnap
1994 Tsutomu Hata elected premier of Japan
1993 Russia elect Boris Yeltsin leader
1991 Designer Mary McFadden (52) announces divorce of Kohie Yohannan (23)
1991 Lisa Olson brings suit against NFL NE Patriots for sexual harassment
1991 Lucy Simon & Marsha Norman's musical premieres in NYC
1990 25th Academy of Country Music Awards (Clint Black & Kathy Mattea win)
1990 Hubble space telescope is placed into orbit by shuttle discovery
1990 Violeta Barrios de Chamorro begins a 6 year term as Nicaragua's pres
1989 Mike Tyson gets a speeding ticket for drag racing in Albany NY
1989 Penguin Mario Lemuix ties NHL playoff record of 4 goals in 1st period
1988 "Nightline" goes on location to Jerusalem Israel
1988 John Demjanjuk (Ivan the Terrible), sentenced to death in Jerusalem
1988 NASA launches space vehicle S-211
1986 ETA bomb attacks Madrid killing 5
1985 Flyers 2-Isles 6-Patrick Div Finals-Flyers hold 3-1 lead
1985 For 2nd time, Wayne Gretzky, scores 7 goals in a Cup game
1985 Roger Miller's musical "Big River," premieres in NYC
1985 West German Parliament makes it punishable to deny the holocaust
1984 Rock group Wings disbands
1984 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1983 "Nightline" expands from * hour to a full hour
1983 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1983 Portugal's Soares' Partido Socialista wins parliamentary election
1983 Yuri Andropov invites US schoolgirl Samantha Smith to USSR
1982 E Bowell discovers asteroids #2688 Halley, #3275 Oberndorfer & #3692
1982 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1982 In accordance with Camp David, Israel completes Sinai withdrawal
1982 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1981 Maureen Reagan (40) marries 3rd husband, Dennis Revell (28)
1980 Announcement of Jimmy Carter hostage rescue bungle in Iran
1980 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1979 "Rock 'n Roll High Schools" premieres
1979 N Chernykh discovers asteroids #2656 Evenkia & #3653
1979 Peace treaty between Israel & Egypt goes into effect
1978 Phillie Phanatic makes 1st appearance
1978 Supreme Court rules pension plans can't require women to pay more
1977 Cin Reds tie record of 12 runs in 5th inning beating Braves 23-9
1977 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1976 Portugal adopts constitution
     Cub centerfielder Rick Monday rescues US flag from 2 fans trying
     to set it on fire
1975 1st Boeing Jetfoil revenue service, Hong Kong to Macao
1975 Portugal holds its 1st free election in 50 years
1975 USSR performs underground nuclear test
1975 West German embassy blown-up in Stockholm Sweden
1974 Chancellor Willy Brandt sect G*nther Guillaume found to be a spy
1974 Dictator Ant*nio Salazar overthrown in Portugal (Carnation revolution)
1974 Leo Tindemans forms Belgium govt
1974 NFL moves goal posts & adopts sudden-death playoff
1973 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1972 Hans-Werner Grosse glides 907.7 miles (1,461 km) in an AS-W-12
1971 US canal rights in Nicaragua & rights to Corn Islands expire
1971 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1970 Freda Payne releases "Band of Gold"
1970 Melanie releases "Lay Down"
1969 BBC Radio serial "Dales" 5,400th & last episode
1969 Last radio broadcast of "Mrs Dale's Diary" on BBS
1967 Britain grants internal self-government to Swaziland
1967 Jules Feiffer's "Little Murders," premieres in NYC
1966 Drunk driver kills 10 children in Asse Belgium
1965 Boston beats Los Angeles, 4 games to 1, for NBA championship
1964 Tor Maple Leafs beat Det Red Wings 4 games to 3 for Stanley Cup
1962 Lion & Tiger Veldt at Cleveland Metroparks Zoo is dedicated
1962 US Ranger spacecraft crash lands on Moon
1962 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Christmas Island
1962 US resumes above ground nuclear testing, at Christmas Island
1961 France performs nuclear test at Reggane Proving Grounds Algeria
1961 Mercury/Atlas rocket lifted off with an electronic mannequin
1961 Premier Mo*se Tsjombe of Katanga arrested in Congo
1961 Robert Noyce patents integrated circuit
1961 Unmanned Mercury test explodes on launch pad
1960 1st submerged circumnavigation of Earth completed (Triton)
1959 St Lawrence Seaway linking Atlantic, Great Lakes opens to shipping
1957 1st experimental sodium nuclear reactor operated
1957 Ibrahim Hashim forms Jordanian govt
1957 WUHY TV channel 35 in Philadelphia, PA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1956 Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" goes #1
1956 No*l Coward's musical "South Sea Bubble," premieres in London
1954 Bell labs announces 1st solar battery (NYC)
1954 British raid Nairobi Kenya
1954 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Bikini Island atmospher
1954 WDEF TV channel 12 in Chattanooga, TN (CBS) begins broadcasting
1952 American Bowling Congress approves use of an automatic pinsetter
1952 German "Country" Bathe-W*rttemberg forms
1952 Minneapolis beats New York, 4 games to 3, for NBA championship
1950 Ambon (proclaims RMS (Republik Maluku Selatan)
1950 Chuck Cooper becomes 1st black to play in NBA
1949 E L Johnson discovers asteroid #1922 Zulu
1949 Friedrich D*rrenmatt's "Romulus der Grosse," premieres in Basel
1949 Michael Brown, rocker (Left Bank-Don't Walk Away Renee)
1947 Lou Thesz beats Whipper Watson in St Louis, to become wrestling champ
1947 Trial against WW II mayor of Amsterdam Edward Vo*te begins
1946 "Exposition Flyer" rammed at Napierville Illinois, killing 48
1946 Christopher Fry's "Phoenix too Frequent," premieres in London
1945 45 countries convene UN Conference on Intl Organization in SF
1945 Allied air raid on Surabaja, Java
1945 British troops reach Grebbelinie
1945 Clandestine Radio 1212, used to hoax Nazi Germany's final transmission
1945 Last Boeing B-17 attack against Nazi Germany
1945 Red army completely surrounding Berlin
1945 US & Soviet forces meet at Torgau Germany on Elbe River
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Bath
1941 Operation Merkur: Hitler orders conquest of Kreta
1938 1st use of seeing eye dog
1933 NY Yankee Russ Van Atta shuts out Washington Senators 16-0
1933 US & Canada drop Gold Standard
1932 Rose Franken's "Another Language," premieres in NYC
1927 Spain routes 20,000 soldiers to Morocco (uprising Rifkabylen)
1926 Giacomo Puccini's opera "Turandot," premieres in Milan
1926 Persian cossack officer Reza Chan crowns himself Shah Palawi
1926 Puccini's opera "Turandot" 1st performed
1925 Paul von Hindenburg takes office as president of Germany
1915 78,000 ANZAC troops land at Gallipoli
1906 J H Metcalf discovers asteroid #599 Luisa
1905 Whites win suffrage in South-Africa
1904 NY Yankee Jack Chesbro's 1st of 41 wins this year
1902 Erwin Harvey becomes 1st Cleveland ballplayer (Cleveland Bronchos)
     to have six hits in one game
1901 Erve Beck hits American League's 1st home run
1901 New York becomes 1st state requiring auto license plates ($1 fee)
     In last of 9th, Detroit Tigers, trailing by 13-4, score 10 runs to
     win one of greatest comebacks in baseball (1st game in Detroit)
1898 US declares war on Spain
1896 Fight in Central Dance Hall starts fire (Cripple Creek Colorado)
1896 Sidney Jones & Harry Greenbacks musical premieres in London
1891 Pres Benjamin Harrison visits SF
1890 J Palisa discovers asteroids #291 Alice & #292 Ludovica
1886 Sigmund Freud opens practice at Rathausstrasse 7, Vienna
1881 250,000 Germans petition to bar foreign Jews from entering Germany
1881 French troops occupy Algeria & Tunisia
1876 Chicago Cubs 1st NL game, beats Louisville 4-0 (1st NL shutout)
1875 Latest date for measurable snow in NYC (3")
1867 Tokyo is opened for foreign trade
1864 Battle of Marks' Mill, Arkansas (Camden Expedition)
1862 Battle of New Orleans LA - US Admiral Farragut occupies New Orleans
1861 7th NY arrives to reinforce Washington, DC
1861 Battle of Lavaca, TX
1859 Ground broken for Suez Canal
1848 A Graham discovers asteroid #9 Metis
1792 Guillotine 1st used, executes highwayman Nicolas J Pelletier
1747 Prince Willem V appointed viceroy of Zealand
1719 Daniel Defoes publishes "Robinson Crusoe"
1707 Battle of Almansa-Franco-Spanish forces defeat Anglo-Portuguese
1684 Patent granted for thimble
1678 French troops conquer Ieper
1660 London Convention Parliament begins
1660 Parliament meets & votes to restore Charles II
1626 Battle at the Dessauer bridge: Monarch Albrecht von Wallenstein beats
     Earl of Mansfeld
1614 Amsterdam Bank of Loan forms
1607 Battle at Gibraltar: Dutch fleet beats Spanish/Portuguese fleet
1604 Earl Maurits' army lands at Cadzand
1541 -26] Luik flooded after heavy down pour
1449 Anti-pope Felix V resigns
1185 Sea battle at Dan-no-ura: Minamoto Joritomo beats Taira-family
 404 Army of Sparta conquerors Athens


Other Occasions...



Celebrations...

     [Australia, Nauru, NZ, Solomon Is, Tonga, W Samoa] ANZAC Day (1915)
     [Azores] Portugal's Day (1974)
     [Italy] Liberation Day (Freeing day, from fascist dictator)
     [New-Zealand/Australia/Gr.-Britain] Anzac Day (Gallipoli 1915)
     [Portugal] Revolution Day (1974)
     [Swaziland] Flag Day


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



--- Peach v1.69
 * Origin: Peach AutoPost v1.01g2 -Peach Software- (1:120/483)
SEEN-BY: 120/228 481 483 544 123/500 261/38 633/260 262 267 270 285 640/954
SEEN-BY: 770/215 771/4020 774/605 2432/200
@PATH: 120/483 481 228 261/38 123/500 774/605 633/260 285 267

T.I.H. for Thursday April 24th, 2003

Peach Post — Wed, 23 Apr 2003 04:00:24 GMT

                              Today In History
        Thursday April 24th, 2003 -- Day Number: 114 - Days left: 251


Those born today...

1988 Michael Tylo, son of US actor/actress Michael Tylo/Deborah Hunter
1976 Shane McDermott, actor (Garrett Booth-Swan's Crossing)
1974 Toine Ror*e, soccer player (Go Ahead Eagles)
1968 Aaron Comes, rocker (Spin Doctors)
1968 Mark Vanderloo, Waddenveen Neth, model
1963 Billy Gould, LA Calif, rock bassist (Faith No More)
1963 Joey Vera, heavy metal rocker (Armored Saint-Aftermath)
1960 ?, weatherman (WNYW TV NYC)
1960 Paula Yates, London England, Mrs Bob Geldof/rocker/writer (Blondes)
1958 Kathy Willets, NYC, XXX actress (Animal Instincts)
1957 Tricia Lange, Hollywood Calif, playmate (June, 1984)
1955 Jack Kingston, (Rep-R-Georgia)
1955 Michael O'Keefe, NJ, actor (Caddyshack, Ironweed, Slugger's Wife)
1954 Captain Sensible, [Ray Burns], UK, rock bassist (Women & Capts 1st)
1954 Jack Blades, rock bassist (Damn Yankees-Coming of Age, Night Ranger)
1954 Vince Ferragamo, NFL/CFL quarterback (LA Rams, Montr*al Alouettes)
1953 Eric Bogosian, Woburn MA, actor (Talk Radio)
1953 John P Hiler, (Rep-R-IN, 1981-  )
1953 Porter Carroll Jr, drummer (Atlantic Star-Touch a 4 Leaf Clover)
1948 Benzion Freshwater, English multi-millionaire
1948 Eddie James Hart, Martinez Cal, 4x100m relay runner (Olympic-gold-72)
1947 Glenn Cornick, rock bassist (Jethro Tull-Thick as a Brick)
1947 Hubert Ann Kelly, US singer (Hues Corporation/Rock the boat)
1946 Bruce Stuart Saylor, composer
1945 Doug Clifford, rock drummer (Creedence Clearwater Revival-Proud Mary)
1945 Eugene O'Brien, composer
1945 Robert Knight, rocker
1944 [Bernard] St Clair Lee [Calhoun], US singer (Rock the Boat)
1943 Richard Sterban, Camden NJ, country singer (Oak Ridge Boys-Elvira)
1942 Barbra Streisand, Bkln NY, singer/actress/award winner (People)
1942 V A Voloshin, cosmonaut
1941 John Williams, Melbourne Australia, guitarist (Acad Award)
1936 Jill Ireland, London, actress (Breakout, Assassination, Chino)
1935 Louis Keith, Chicago, physician (expert on multiple-births)
1934 John Barbour, Toronto, TV host (Real People)
1934 Shirley MacLaine, Richmond Va, actress/mystic (Irma la Douce)
1933 Freddie Scott, US songwriter/singer (Cry to Me)
1932 Coen[rad] Flink, Dutch actor (Pastorale 1943, Havinck, Honneponnetje)
1931 Bridget Riley, British painter (op-art)
1929 Ferit Tuzun, composer
1928 Gustav Krivinka, composer
1927 Josy Barthel, Luxembourg, 1500m runner (Olympic-gold-1952)
1924 Marilyn Erskine, Rochester NY, actor (Fran-Tom Ewell Show)
1924 Yehoshua Lakner, composer
1922 J D Cannon, Salmon Idaho, actor (McCloud, Ike, Call to Glory)
1921 Laci Boldemann, composer
1916 Stanley Kauffmann, NYC, playwright (Red Handkerchief Man)
1914 Justin Wilson, cajun chef (Wise Potato Chips)
1914 Ruth White, Perth Amboy NJ, actress (Up the Down Staircase)
1911 Jack E Leonard, Chicago Ill, comedian (Disorderly Orderly)
1911 Karl O Schiller, German economist/minister of Economic
1911 Robert Joseph Kane, Ithaca NY, Pres of US Olympic Comm (1976)
1911 Sigursveinn David Kristinsson, composer
1909 Bernhard Grzimek, zoologist (West Germany)
1908 Heddy Bouber, [Hermanus G Blom], actor (Bluejackets)
1907 Vaclav Trojan, composer
1905 Robert Penn Warren, 1st US poet laureate (All the King's Men)
1904 Friedrich Siemens, German industrialist (Siemens), dies
1904 Willem De Kooning, Netherlands, artist (North Atlantic Light)
1903 Jos* A Primo de Rivera y Sa*nz de Heredia, founder (Spanish Falange)
1903 Mike Michalske, NFL guard (NY Yankees, Green Bay Packers)
1903 Siegfried F Nadel, Austrian/British anthropologist (Black Byzantium)
19-- Colleen Quinn, actress (Carly Rescott-Loving)
19-- John Vargas, actress (Mathilda-Dick & the Duchess)
19-- Wilfrido Vargas, Dominican Republic, jazz saxophonist
1897 Benjamin Lee Whorf, linguist (or 1797)
1897 Gyorgy Kosa, composer
1895 S Constantine Timoshenko, Russian marshal/people's commissioner
1893 Robert Harron, NYC, actor (Birth of a Nation, Intolerance)
1892 Jack Hulbert, Ely England, actor (Into the Blue, Bulldog Jack)
1889 [Richard] Stafford Cripps, Engl min of Plane-manufacturing (1942-45)
1886 R Pelgrom, oldest Dutch man (died Apr 15, 1994, 9 days short of 108)
1883 Jaroslav Hasek, Czech writer (Brave soldier Schweik)
1877 Charles Cuvillier, composer
1875 Jeno Huszka, composer
1874 John Russell Pope, US, architect (Jefferson Memorial)
1874 Willem E Roelofs, Dutch painter/cartoonist
1873 Theodor K*rner von Siegringen, Austrian general/president
1867 Fannie Thomas, became oldest known American (113 y 273 d at death)
1864 George AA Alting van Geusau, dir-gen (PTT)/Dutch Min of War (1918-20)
1856 Henri POBJ P*tain, French marshal (Verdun/Vichy regime)
1851 Eduardo Acevedo D*az, Uruguaian writer (Ismael, Grito de Gloria)
1849 Joseph S Galli*ni, general (Battle of Marne)/milt governor (Paris)
1845 Carl Spitteler, Switz, poet (Prometheus & Epimetheus; Nobel 1919)
1837 Friedrich von Holstein, German diplomat (die graue Eminenz)
1836 Jeltje de Bosch Kemper, Dutch feminist
1829 George Peabody Estey, Brig General (Union volunteers), died in 1881
1828 Robert Brank Vance, Brig General (Confederate Army), died in 1899
1824 Fournier, Swiss/French postage stamp forger
1822 Erastus Barnard Tyler, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers)
1815 Anthony Trollope, England, novelist/poet (Barchester Towers)
1815 James Edward Harrison, Brig General (Confederate Army), died in 1875
1814 Vincente F L*pez, Argentina historian (La novia del hereje)
1807 Charles Ferguson Smith, Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1862
1804 Thomas Oliver Selfridge, Comm (Union Navy)
1791 Nikolaj A Bestuzhev, Russia, writer/painter (Account about Holland)
1773 Harman W Muntinghe, lawyer/Dutch colonial director
1769 Arthur Wellesley, General/Duke of Wellington
1766 Robert Bailey Thomas, founder (Farmer's Almanac)
1750 Simon-Antoine-Jean Lhuillier, Swiss mathematician
1743 Edmund Cartwright, England, cleric, inventor (power loom)
1742 Roman Hoffstetter, composer
1721 Johann Philipp Kirnberger, composer
1706 Giovanni Battista Martini, composer
1670 Christian Ludwig Boxberg, composer
1660 Cornelis Dusart, Dutch painter/engraver
1620 John Graunt, statistician, founder of science of demography
1594 Benedikt Lechler, composer
1576 Sab Vicente de Pa*l
1538 Gugliemo Gonzaga, composer


Those who died today...

1996 Erma Bombeck, columnist (Septic Tank is Always Greener), dies
1993 Oliver Tambo, chairman (African National Congress), dies at 75
1991 J de Graaf, ethicus/president church & peace, dies
1990 Joseph Leberman, entertainer, dies
1990 Tom Rolfing, actor (He Knows You're Alone), dies
1986 Bessie Wallis Warfield Simpson, (Edward abdicated for her), dies at 89
1980 Alentejo Carpentier, Cubans/French writer (Guerra del tiempo), dies
1979 John Carroll, actor (Hired Wife, Fiesta, Geraldine), dies at 72
1976 Mark Tobey, US abstract artist, dies at 85
1975 William Hartnell, actor (Jackpot, This Sporting Life), dies at 67
1974 Bud Abbott, comedian (Abbott & Costello), dies at 78
1968 Norman McKaye, actor (Untamed Fury, Frogman), dies at 62
1968 Tommy Noonan, actor (Gentlemen Perfer Blondes), dies at 45
1967 Frank Overton, actor (12 O'Clock High), dies at 48
1967 Vladimir Komarov, cosmonaut is 1st to die in space, aboard Soyuz 1
1965 Louise Dresser, actress (State Fair, Ship Comes In, Mammy), dies at 86
1961 Lee Moran, actor (Circus Clown), dies of heart ailment at 72
1960 John P "John" Musch, actor/founder (JM), dies at 84
1959 Jef van Hoof, composer, dies at 72
1957 Andries CD de Graeff, gov-gen of Neth Indies (1926-31), dies at 84
1956 Albrecht G Alt, German theologist (Small Schriften), dies at 72
1956 Henry Stephenson, actor (Conquest, Mr Lucky), dies at 85
1955 Alfred Polgar, Austrian writer, dies at 79
1952 Hans [Hendrik A] Kramers, physicist (quantum mechanics), dies at 57
1952 Jules Poncelet, Belgian minister of State, dies at 82
1948 Jazeps Vitols, composer, dies at 84
1948 Manuel Marua Ponce, Mexican composer (Ferial), dies at 65
1948 Rosita Marstini, actress (I Cover Waterfront, Big Parade), dies at 54
1945 Anton de Come, Suriname resistance fighter, dies at 47
1945 Hubert Bath, composer, dies at 61
1943 Gerardus H de Hare, socialist vicar, dies at 63
1939 John Foulds, composer, dies at 58
1936 Bernard van Dieren, composer, dies at 51
1935 Paul Klengel, composer, dies at 80
1928 Ferdinand B Hummel, composer, dies at 72
1922 Richard Batka, composer, dies at 53
1904 Friedrich Siemens, German industrial, dies at 77
1900 George JD Campbell, Brit min of Indies (1868-74, 80-85), dies at 76
1891 Count Helmuth K B von Moltke, Prussian gen/fieldmarshal, dies
1875 Jose Maria de la Purificacion Ventura, composer, dies at 58
1855 Walenty karol Kratzer, composer, dies at 75
1850 Louis Alexandre Piccinni, composer, dies at 70
1848 Fran*ois van Campenhout, composer, dies at 69
1827 Pierre Joseph Candielle, composer, dies at 82
1824 Herman Muntinghe, theologist (History of Mankind), dies at 71
1776 Carolus van de Abeele, Flemish Jesuit, dies at 84
1776 Giuseppi Paolucci, composer, dies at 49
1758 Florian Wrastill, composer, dies at 41
1731 Daniel Defoe, English novelist (Robinson Crusoe), dies
1617 Carlo Concino, French marquis of Ancre/state advisor, murdered
1530 Jacopo Sannazaro, Italian poet (De partu Virginis), dies
1185 Antoku Taira, emperor of Japan (1180-85), drowns
1077 Geza I, King of Hungary (1074-7), dies
 729 Egbert[us], English bishop/saint, dies in Iona at 89
 709 Wilfried, bishop of York, dies at about 76


Things that happened today...

1996 Highest scoring baseball game in 17 years - Twins 24, Tigers 11
1995 Court orders Darryl Strawberry to pay back $350,000 in taxes
1995 Dow Jones Index hits record 4303.98
1994 Actress Kelly Preston (26) weds actor Lou Diamond Phillips (32)
1994 Armando Calder*n Sol wins El Salvador presidential election
1994 Bomb attack in center of Johannesburg, 9 killed
1994 David Robinson scores ties 7th highest total in the NBA - 71
1994 NY Rangers sweep NY Islanders in NHL playoffs
1993 1000 kg heavy IRA-autobomb explodes in London, killing 1
1992 "Man of La Mancha" with Sheena Easton opens at Marquis theater
1992 David Bowie marries model Iman in Switzerland
1992 George Steinbrenner drops his suits against baseball
1992 Vinson Pike fined *1000 for distributing obscene computer pictures
1990 Brian Friel's "Dancing at Lughnasa," premieres in Dublin
1990 Security law violator Michael Milken pleads guilty to 6 felonies
1990 US 66th manned space mission STS 31 (Discovery 10) launches into orbit
1990 West & East Germany agree to merge currency & economies on July 1st
1989 10s of thousands of students strikes in Beijing China
1989 Massachusetts declares today "New Kids on the Block Day"
1985 Pulitzer prize awarded to Carolyn Lizer for "Yin"
1984 Oiler's Wayne Gretzky is 3rd to score on a Stanley Cup penalty shot
1983 Austrian socialist party loses parliamentary election
1982 150 Khomeini followers assault student dormitory in West Germany
1982 C Torres discovers asteroid #3361 Orpheus
1981 Bill Shoemaker wins his 8,000th race, 2000 more than any other jockey
1981 IBM-PC introduced
1981 San Antonio blocks 20 Golden State shots to set NBA reg game record
1981 US ends grain embargo against USSR
1980 US military operation to save 52 hostages in Iran, fails, 8 die
1979 Rhodesian bishop Muzorewa wins general election
1977 C Kowal discovers asteroid #2063 Bacchus
1975 Penguins 1-Isles 4-Quarterfinals-series tied at 3-3
1975 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1974 Dutch women hockey team becomes world champion
1974 NFL grants franchise to Tampa Bay Bucaneers
1971 Soyuz 10 returns to Earth
1970 China PR launches its 1st satellite transmitting song "East is Red"
1970 Gambia becomes a republic within Commonwealth
1970 Senegal adopts constitution
1969 Gen Lin Piao succeeds Mao, is seriously wounded
1969 Lebanese army in battle with Palestinians
1969 Paul McCartney says their is no truth to rumors he is dead
1969 US B-52 drops 3,000 ton bombs at Cambodian boundary
1968 Leftist students take over Columbia University, NYC
1968 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1967 Philadelphia beats San Francisco, 4 games to 2, for NBA championship
1965 Military coup under Donald Reid Cabral in Dominican Republic
1965 NY Met Casey Stengel wins his 3,000 game as manager
1963 Boston beat LA, 4 games to 2, for NBA title; Bob Cousy retires
1963 English princess Alexandra marries sir Angus Ogilvy
1963 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1962 1st Lockheed A-12 is taxi tested
1962 MIT sends TV signal by satellite for 1st time: CA to MA
1962 Sandy Koufax's 2nd 18-strikeout game
1961 JFK accepts "sole responsibility" following Bay of Pigs
1961 Vasa, which sunk on her maiden voyage in 1628, is raised
1960 14th Tony Awards: Miracle Worker & Fiorello! win
1960 Heavy earthquake strikes South Persia, 500 killed
1959 Neth Dance Theater opens (Rudi of Dantzig & Cut Flier)
1959 WICD TV channel 15 in Champaign, IL (NBC/ABC) begins broadcasting
1958 Lee Walls hits 3 HRS, as Cubs beat Dodgers 15-2
1957 Asteroid #3648 discovered
1955 Conference of Bandung against colonialism & self determination, ends
1955 Gaullists lose elections in France
1955 KFDM TV channel 6 in Beaumont, TX (CBS) begins broadcasting
1955 KMAU (now KGMV) TV channel 3 in Wailuku, HI (CBS) begins broadcasting
1954 1st American, civilian pilot, P.R. Holden, wounded in Indochina
1954 Australia & USSR break diplomatic relations
1954 WSEE TV channel 35 in Erie, PA (CBS) begins broadcasting
1953 Winston Churchill knighted by Queen Elizabeth II
1950 Independent republic of South Molukkas declared
1950 Pres Truman denies there are communists in US govt
1945 Albert B "Happy" Chandler is named 2nd baseball commissioner
1944 1st Boeing B-29 arrives in China "over the Hump"
1944 RAF bombs Munich
1944 United Negro College Fund incorporates
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Exeter
1941 British army begins evacuation of Greece
1941 Dutch Prince Bernhard becomes an RAF pilot
1938 Lindenheuvel soccer team forms
1933 1st major league to get 4 consecutive doubles in 9 inn (Dick Bartell)
1932 German national election (NSDAP 36.3% in Prussia)
1932 K Reinmuth discovers asteroid #1862 Apollo
1931 C Jackson discovers asteroid #1193 Africa
1930 H Van Gent discovers asteroid #1165 Imprinetta
1929 1st non-stop England to India flight takes-off
1929 Thorvald Stauning becomes premier of Denmark
1925 88*F highest temperature ever recorded in Cleveland in April
1923 Colonel Jacob Schick patents Schick shavers
1923 General harbor strike begins in NYC
1921 1st municipal elections for men & women in Belgium
1920 British Mandate over Palestine goes into effect (lasts 28 years)
1920 Polish troops attack Ukraine
1917 Yankee lefty George Mogridge no-hits Red Sox 2-1 at Fenway
1916 Easter rebellion of Irish against British occupation begins
1915 German army fires chloroform gas in Ieper
1915 Massacre of Armenians by Turks (Armenian Martyrs Day)
1915 Pitts' Frank Allen no-hits St Louis (Federal League), 2-0
1910 German Catholic youth movement Quickborn forms
1909 Harry Hillman & Lawson Robertson run 100m 3-legged race in 11 seconds
1908 Mr & Mrs Jacob Murdock become 1st to travel across US by car,
     they leave LA in a Packard & arrive in NYC in 32d-5h-25m
1905 Senators execute a triple-play & beat Yankees 4-3
1901 1st AL game, Chic beats Cleve Blues 8-2, 3 other games rained out
1900 Passing of Andrew Halliday, cable car pioneer
1899 Transvaal British Uitlanders ask Queen Victoria for aid
1898 Spain declares war on US rejecting ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba
1898 US fleet under commodore Dewey sails from Hong Kong to Philippines
1897 1st reporter, William Price, assigned to White House
1895 Joshua Slocum completes around-the-world voyage in 11-m boat
1894 French cyclist Henri Desgrange rides 100km in world record 2:39:18
1894 Phillies Lave Cross hits for cycle vs Bkln Dodgers
1891 Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure "Final Problem"
1888 Eastman Kodak forms
1884 National Medical Association of Black physicians organizes (Atlanta)
1883 28 Surinamers depart to Amsterdam World's Fair
1880 Amateur Athletic Association, governing body for men's athletics
     in England & Wales, is founded in Oxford, England
1877 Last federal occupying troops withdraw from south (New Orleans)
1877 Russia declares war on Turkey through Romania
1872 Volcano Vesuvius erupts
1871 Opera "Aida" is produced (Cairo)
1867 Black demonstrators stage ride-ins on Richmond Va streetcars
1865 Fire alarm & police telegraph system put into operation (SF)
1863 Skirmish at Okolona/Birmingham, Mississippi (Grierson's Raid)
1854 Austria's Franz Joseph I marries Elisabeth AE "Sissi"
1833 Patent granted for 1st soda fountain
1823 Eug*ne Scribes "Le Menteur V*ridique," premieres in Paris
1801 1st performance of Joseph Haydn's oratorio "Die Jahreszeiten"
1800 Library of Congress establishes with $5,000 allocation
1792 "La Marseillaise" composed by Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle
1762 Russia & Prussia signs peace treaty
1704 Boston News-Letter, 1st successful newspaper in US, forms
1596 Pacificatie of Ireland drawn
1570 Battles between Spanish troops & followers of sultan Suleiman
1558 Queen Mary Stuart of Scotland marries French crown prince Fran*ois
1547 Battle of M*hlberg: Emperor Karel V vs ruler Johan F the Brave
1524 Duke of Bourbon drives admiral Bonnivet out of Milan
1364 Pope Urbabus V names John V van Virneburg as bishop of Utrecht
1311 Gen Malik Kafur returns to Delhi after campaign in South India
1288 Jews of Yroyes France are accused of ritual murder
1185 Battle at Danoura: Yoshitsune Minamoto's fleet beats imperial fleet
 858 Nicolaas I succeeds Benedict III as pope


Other Occasions...

     [US] Take Your Daughter to Work Day


Celebrations...

     [Armenia] Armenian Martyrs' Day (1915)


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
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T.I.H. for Wednesday April 23rd, 2003

Peach Post — Tue, 22 Apr 2003 04:00:44 GMT

                              Today In History
       Wednesday April 23rd, 2003 -- Day Number: 113 - Days left: 252


Those born today...

1981 Gabriella MAO Windsor, daughter of English prince Michael
1971 Chuck Adams, Pacific Palisades Calif, tennis star (1989 USTA Boys)
1970 Cristiano Caratti, Italy, tennis star (1987 Orange Bowl boys doubles)
1969 Nadeem Shahid, cricketer
1968 Susan Emily Savastano, E Providence RI, Miss RI-America (1991)
1967 Brent Muscat, rocker (Faster Pussycat-Wake Me When It's Over)
1967 Melina Kanakaredes, Akron Ohio, actress (Eleni Andros-Guiding Light)
1966 Jacques"Jacq" Koumans, soccer player (NAC)
1965 Donna Weinbrecht, skier (Olympic-gold)
1964 Dan Frischman, Whippany NJ, actor (Arvid Engen-Head of the Class)
1964 Gen, [Simon Matthews], English pop drummer (Jesus Jones-Zeroes & Ones)
1964 Martin Lopez-Zubero, Spanish backstroke swimmer (world record 200m)
1960 Steve Clark, Hillsborough England, rock guitarist (Def Leppard)
1960 Valerie Bertinelli, Del, (1 Day at a Time, Sydney); Ms Eddie Van Halen
1958 Max Planck, physicist (Quanta Physics)
1957 Jan Hooks, Decatur Georgia, comedienne actress (SNL, Designing Women)
1955 Mike Smith, British DJ
1955 Su Ingle, British TV hostess
1955 Tony Miles, chess player
1953 Fred Upton, (Rep-R-Michigan)
1953 James Russo, NYC, actor (My Own Private Idaho, China Girl)
1952 Lionel Johnston, Augusta Ga, actor (Sons & Daughters)
1952 Narada, [Michael Walden], Mich, rocker (Don't Want Nobody Else)
1952 Tony Maselli, (fictional character on "Who's the Boss")
1951 Loek M L H A Hermans, Dutch 2nd chamber member (VVD)
1949 Blair Brown, Wash DC, actress (Altered States, Molly Dodd)
1949 John Miles, vocal/guitar/keyboards (John Miles Band-Rebel, Zaragon)
1949 Joyce DeWitt, Wheeling WV, actress (Janet Wood-Three's Company)
1949 Walter Sweeney, MP
1948 Tessa Wyatt, actress (Beast in the Cellar, Wedding Night)
1947 Bernadette Devlin McAliskey, Ireland, political activist (or 1940)
1947 Saskia, [Trudy van den Berg], singer (S & Serge, Spinning Wheel)
1944 Niklaus Schilling,
1943 Carmen von Thyssen, Barcelona Spain, Baroness
1943 Herve Villechaize, France, "Da Plane! Da Plane!" (Fantasy Island)
1943 Hugh Davies, composer
1943 Tony Esposito, Ontario, NHL goalie (Chicago Blackhawks)
1943 [Gerardus] Bob van Toll, actor/interpreter/director (Pastorale 1943)
1942 Sandra Dee, [Zuck], Bayonne NJ, actress (Gidget, Imitation of Life)
1941 Ed Stewart, British DJ
1941 Hal Daub, (Rep-R-NB, 1981-  )
1940 Lee Majors, [Harvey Yeary], TV actor ($6,000,000 Man, Stunt Man)
1940 Richard Monaco, US, sci-fi author (Grail War, Final Quest)
1939 David Birney, Wash DC, actor (Brigette Loves Bernie, St Elsewhere)
1939 Ray Peterson, Denton Tx, singer (Tell Laura I Love Her)
1939 William Hagerty, editor (People)
1938 Russell Hillhouse, under-sect Scottish Office
1938 Steven D Symms, (Sen-R-ID, 1981-  )
1937 Victoria Glendinning, author (Edith Sitwell A Unicorn Among Lions)
1936 Elias, [Etienne Michiels], Flemish painter
1936 Estelle Harris, actress (Estelle-Seinfeld)
1936 Joseph Willaert, Flemish painter
1936 Roy Orbison, Vernon Tx, rocker (Pretty Woman)
1935 David Evans, MP
1933 Roger Wittevrongel, Flemish painter
1932 Halston, [R Halston Frowick], fashion designer (1972 Hall of Fame)
1932 Jim Fixx, jogger/writer (Jim Fixx on Running)
1930 Michael Bowen, RC Archbishop (Southwark)
1929 George Steiner, professor of English
1928 Bill Cotton, CEO (Noel Gay TV)
1928 Okke Jager, Dutch theologist/writer/poet
1928 Shirley Temple Black, Santa Monica Calif, child actress/ambassador
1927 Russell Smith, composer
1926 James P Donleavy, Brooklyn, novelist (Ginger Man, Onion Eaters)
1926 Richard Laws, Master (St Edmunds College Cambridge)
1924 Arthur Frackenpohl, Irving NJ, composer (Natural Superiority of Music)
1924 Colin Welch, columnist/critic
1924 Malcolm Anson, CEO (Wessex Water Authority)
1923 Avram Davidson, US, sci-fi author (Hugo, Peregrine: Primus, Rork!)
1923 James Kirkup, travel writer/poet/novelist (African in Greenland)
1922 Boy [Segundo JA] Ecury, Aruba, resistance fighter
1922 Diarmuid Downs, auto engineer
1921 Janet Blair, Altoona Pa, actress (Leave it to the Girls, Smith Family)
1921 Warren Spahn, left-handed pitcher (Boston/Milwaukee Braves)
1920 Eric Yarrow, CEO (Clydesdale Bank)
1920 Louis Barron, composer
1919 Dorian Leigh, San Antonio TX, model, sister of Suzy Parker
1919 Talivaldis Kenins, composer
1918 Anthony Craxton, British TV producer
1918 Maurice Druon, [Kessel], French writer/journalist (Prix Goncourt)
1917 Jacob Kistemaker, nuclear physicist (ultra centrifuge)
1916 Bud Wilkinson, college football coach (Oklahoma)
1915 Arnold Hall, CEO (Hawker Siddeley Group)
1914 Andrew Martin, Lord-Lt (Lechestershire England)
1914 John Hubbard, Indiana Harbor Indiana, actor (Don't Call Me Charlie)
1914 Mitsu Suzuki, teacher of tea ceremony at SF Zen Center
1913 Jan Meyerowitz, composer
1911 Ronald Neame, director (1st Monday in Oct, Poseidon Adventure)
1911 Simone Simon, France, actress (All Money Can Buy, Ladies in Love)
1909 Thomas Padmore, senior civil servant
1908 Herbert Telley, British actuary
1907 Baroness Dudley
1906 Marcel Hillaire, Cologne Germany, actor (Adv in Paradise)
1906 Maria Arnoldo, [Adrianus Broeders], photographer/writer
1905 Lord Carew^
1904 Duncan Renaldo, Spain, actor (Cisco Kid)
1904 Leslie French, actor/singer (More than a Miracle)
1902 Halld*r Laxness, Iceland, novelist (Salka Valka) (Nobel 1955)
1900 Ary Verhaar, composer
1900 Henry Barraud, composer
19-- Alan Oppenheimer, NYC, actor (6 Million Dollar Man, Eischied)
19-- Sydney St James, XXX actress (Anal Brat, Anal Intruder)
19-- Tina Andrews, Chicago, actress (Sanford Arms, Valerie-Falcon Crest)
1899 Edith Ngaio Marsh, NZ, Kiwi mystery writer (Black Beech & Honeydew)
1899 Vladimir Nabokov, St Petersburg Russia, novelist (Lolita, Ada)
1898 Edwin E Dwinger, German writer (General Vlassov)
1897 Harold French, director (Encore)/actor
1897 John Wengraf, Vienna Austria, actor (12 to Moon, Pride & Passion)
1897 Lester Bowles Pearson, (L) 14th Canadian PM (1963-68) (Nobel 1957)
1897 Lucius du Bignon Clay, US, general (WW II)/gov (West Germany)
1896 Margaret Kennedy, novelist
1894 Basil Sydney, England, actor (Hamlet, Jassy, Simba, Farmer's Wife)
1894 George Renevant, Paris, actor (Moulin Rouge, Scotland Yard, Comrade X)
1893 Frank Borzage, Salt Lake City, director (7th Heaven, Strange Cargo)
1892 Minus van Looi, [Benjamin van der Voort], Flemish writer
1891 Sergey Sergeyevich Prokofiev, Ukraine, composer (Peter & the Wolf)
1890 Donald Nichols Tweedy, composer
1890 Marcel L'Herbier, French director/screenwriter (El Dorado)
1882 Albert Coates, St Petersburg Russia, conductor/composer (Eagle)
1882 Max Winders Maximilien, brought Belg gold reserves to England (WW II)
1881 Otakar Sini, composer
1877 Arthur Farwell, composer
1867 Simon Abramsz, Dutch teacher/writer (For the Young Ones)
1861 Edmund Henry Hynman, 1st viscount Allenby of Megiddo/Fieldmarshal
1858 Max KE Ludwig Planck, German physicist (Planck Constant, Nobel 1918)
1855 Ernst L Wolzogen, German writer/founder (Cabaret *berbrettl)
1852 Edwin Markham, US, poet (1st winner of Amer Acad of Poets Award 1937)
1838 Alfred J Verwee, Flemish painter
1828 Albert FA, king of Saxon (1873-1902)
1827 Johann F Ritter von Schulte, German Catholic lawyer
1823 Abd*l-Medjid, 31st sultan of Turkey (1839-61)
1821 Pierre Dupont, song writer
1818 James Anthony Froude, historian
1818 John Gill Shorter, Gov (Confederacy), died in 1872
1813 Stephen Arnold Douglas, (Little giant), US senator (Lincoln debates)
1812 Louis-Antoine Julien, conductor
1810 Thomas Wright, historian
1809 Eugene-Prosper Prevost, composer
1804 Guillaume Nerenburger, Belgian general (Triangulatie of Belgium)
1803 Jules J baron d'Anethan, Belgian minister of Justice
1791 James Buchanan, Cove Gap PA, (Fed/Dem), 15th US president (1857-61)
1791 W Friedrich Olivier, German landscape painter/cartoonist
1775 Joseph Mallord Turner, England, landscape painter (Shipwreck)
1756 Alexander Reinagle, composer
1747 Alexandre-Auguste Robineau, composer
1735 Ildephons Haas, composer
1728 Samuel Wallis, explorer (Wallis Island)
1715 Johann Friedrich Doles, composer
1708 Friedrich von Hagedorn, German poet (Versuch einiger Poem)
1697 George Baron Anson, British admiral/explorer
1649 Andreas Kneller, composer
1629 John Commelin, director (Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam)
1598 Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp, naval commander
1564 William Shakespeare, bard (Hamlet, MacBeth, Julius C*sar) (approx)
1547 Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Spanish writer (Don Quioxite)
1500 Alexander Alesius, [Aless/Alane], System theologist/physician
1484 Julius C*sar Scaliger, Italy, scholar (On the Subtlety of Things)
1464 Johanna van Valois, Queen of France
1464 Robert Fayrfax, composer


Those who died today...

1995 Howard Cosell, sportscaster (Monday Night Football), dies at 77
1995 John Stennis, (Sen-D-MS), dies at 93
1994 Cassidy Clinton Cremer, author (John Cremer), murdered at 30
1994 Cecile Dreesmann, son of Anton Dreesmann, dies at 74
1993 Bertus Aafjes, poet/writer (World is a Muze), dies at 78
1993 Lalith Athulathmudali, Sri Lankan minister, murdered at 59
1992 Deron Johnson, 1965 NL run leader, dies of cancer at 53
1992 Satayajit Ray, Indian director (Distant Thunder/Agantuk), dies at 70
1992 Victoria Kellem Lederman, model, dies of amyloidosis at 52
1991 Peter Bailey, Graphic designer/calligrapher
1990 Albert Salmi, actor, killed his terminally ill wife & then self at 62
1990 Palmer Deane, actor, dies
1990 Paulette Goddard, actress (Hazard), dies at 78 (or 84) in Switzerland
1988 Arthur Michael, Lord Ramsey/archbishop of Canterbury, dies
1986 Harold Arlen, [Hyman Arluck], US composer, murdered at 81
1986 Otto Preminger, dir (Advise & Consent, Anatomy of Murder), dies at 79
1985 Kent Smith, actor (Peyton Place, Invaders), dies at 78
1985 Sam J Ervin Jr, (Sen-D-NC), dies at 88
1984 August "Guus" Oster, actor/director (Carrie), dies at 68
1983 Buster Crabbe, Olympic swimmer/actor (Flash Gordon), dies at 75
1983 Selena Royale, actress (Robot Monster), dies at 78
1980 Jane Froman, US singer (JF's USA Canteen), dies at 72
1976 James Flavin, actor (Man With a Camera), dies at 69
1976 Ronald Radd, actor (King Lear, Up Jumped a Swagman), dies at 47
1976 Shimen Ruskin, actor (Meyer-Corner Bar), dies at 68
1975 Pete Ham, rocker (Badfinger), commits suicide at 27 by hanging himself
1973 Otto Eissfeldt, German old testament scholar, dies at 85
1971 William Tubman, president of Liberia (1944-71), dies at 76
1970 Herb Shriner, host/humorist (Herb Shriner Show), dies at 51
1969 Krzystzof Komeda, composer, dies at 37
1965 Josephina J "Fien" de la Mar, actress (Pygmalion), dies at about 67
1962 Stirling Moss, auto racer, killed while racing
1960 Cornelis Jan Bakkerr, Dutch/US nuclear physicist, dies
1960 Tojohiko Kagawa, Japanese christian-social reformer/writer, dies
1957 William Orlamond, actor (Flesh & Devil, Words & Music), dies at 89
1955 Robert H Woltjer, classical/AR-First-Member of parliament, dies at 76
1952 Elisabeth Schumann, singer, dies
1952 Minus van Looi, [Benjamin van der Neart], Flemish writer, dies at 60
1946 Jesus Castillo, composer, dies at 68
1943 Fr*deric baron d'Erlanger, French composer/banker, dies at 56
1942 Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, pres of Argentina (1922-28), dies at 73
1929 Rudolf W Nilsen, Norwegian poet (Hverdagen), dies
1926 Joseph Pennell, artist/author, dies
1925 Andr* Caplet, French composer (Le miroir de J*sus), dies at 45
1918 Percy Thomson Dean, lt-commander, killed at Zeebrugge, dies
1915 Rupert Chawner Brooke, English poet (Lithuania), dies at 27
1905 Karel Komzak, composer, dies at 54
1897 Clement Harris, composer, dies at 25
1895 Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig, physiologist, dies
1885 William Henry Holmes, composer, dies at 73
1880 Guess Saleh, [Sarief Bastaman], Javanese painter
1878 Friedrich Preller, landscape painter, dies
1865 James Dearing, US Confederate brig-general, dies at 24
1853 Auguste Laurent, chemist, dies
1850 William Wordsworth, poet, dies at 80
1847 Erik Gustaf Geijer, composer, dies at 64
1838 John W Janssens, gov-gen of Cape Colony/Dutch-Indies, dies at 75
1827 Johanna C Wattier-Ziesenis, actress (Phaedra/Lady MacBeth), dies at 65
1812 Franz Sebastian Haindl, composer, dies at 85
1786 Alexander Cozens, English water colors painter, dies at about 68
1774 Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, painter, dies
1762 Johann Samuel Endler, composer, dies at 67
1742 Mihael Omerza, composer, dies at 62
1740 Thomas Tickell, poet, dies
1732 Cajetan Kolberer, composer, dies at 64
1728 Tomas de Torrejon y Velasco, composer, dies at 83
1695 Henry Vaughan, poet (Silex Scintillans), dies at 72
1670 Loreto Vittori, composer, dies at 69
1625 Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, dies at 57
1616 Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Spanish writer (Don Quixote), dies at 69
1616 William Shakesphere, Engl author (Hamlet), dies on his 52nd birthday
1416 Blaise/Blasius of Parma, Ital astrologist/philosopher/algebra, dies
1016 Aethelbred II "the Unready", king of England (979-1016), dies
1014 Brian Boru, king of Ireland, dies in battle at 87
1014 Sweyn Forkbeard, Viking king of England (1013-14), dies
0303 George, knight of Cappadoci*?/saint/patron of England, beheaded
 997 Vojtech "Adalbert" of Prague, 2nd bishop of Prague/apostle, dies at 40
 990 Ekkehart II, [Palatinus], monk to St-Gallen/poet
 871 Ethelred I, king of Wessex/brother of Alfred the Great
 303 George, knight/saint/patron of England, beheaded
  34 Christ, crucified, according to Isaac Newton


Things that happened today...

1996 Sotherby begins 4 day auction of Jackie O stuff-take in $34.5 
1995 Pres Clinton declares a national day of mourning for Okla City
1994 Army shoots to death 23-40 fishermen in Gonaives Haiti
1994 Libertarian party nominates Howard Stern for Governor of NY
1993 Eritrea votes to secede from Ethiopia
1993 Peter Townshend's musical "Tommy," premieres in NYC
1992 "Shirnada" opens at Broadhurst theater on Broadway
1992 Marion Berry (former mayor of Wash DC) let out of prison
1991 Bjorn Borg loses 6-2, 6-3 to Jordi Arrese after 8 year lay off
1991 USSR grants republics right to secede under certain conditions
1989 Kareem Abdul-Jabbar plays his last game as a Laker
1989 Nolan Ryan blows a no hitter in 9th inning
1989 Students in Beijing China announce class boycotts
1988 A greek pedals self-powered aircraft, 74 miles
1988 Karolina Szabo runs female world record 25k (1:29:30)/30k  (1:47;06)
1987 28 construction workers killed in an apt collapse in Bridgeport, Ct
1987 NJ Devils farm team Maine Mariners (AHL) move to Utica (Devils) NY
1986 Grand Floridian Beach Resort groundbreaking
1986 Madrid-Nelli Cooman runs world record 60m indoor (7 sec)
1985 Brooklyn College soccer team wins Nepal's invitational
1985 C & E Shoemaker discover asteroid #3581 Alvarez
1985 Flyers 5-Isles 3-Patrick Div Finals-Flyers hold 3-0 lead
1985 New Coke debuts
1985 P Jensen discovers asteroid #3318 Blixen
1984 AIDS-virus identified (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
1980 Soviet sub catches fire off Japan, 9 die
1978 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1977 ADO The Hague soccer team forms
1977 Dr Allen Bussey completes 20,302 yo-yo loops
1977 Milt workers kill 300-500 students in Addis Ababa
     & only loses 10
     Czech chess master Vlastimil Hort plays 201 games simultaneously
1976 Felix Aguilar Observatory discovers asteroid #2808
1975 Harold Pinter's "No Man's Land," premieres in London
1974 USSR performs nuclear test at Sary Shagan USSR
1972 26th Tony Awards: Sticks & Bones & 2 Gentlemen of Verona win
1972 Apollo 16 astronauts explores Moon surface
1971 Columbia University operations virtually end, by student strike
1971 Soyuz 10 launched; cosmonauts become 1st in Salyut 1 space station
1969 LA Laker Jerry West scores 53 points
1969 Over 1000* mi flooded in Shantung Province China
1969 Sirhan Sirhan sentenced to death for killing Bobby Kennedy
1968 1st decimal coins issued in Britain (5 & 10 pence)
1968 United Methodist Church forms
1967 Soyuz 1 launched; Vladimir Komarov becomes 1st in-flight casualty
1965 Launch of 1st Soviet communications satellite
1964 James Baldwin's "Blues for Mr Charlie," premieres in NYC
1964 New York State Theater opens
     Houston Colt 45s Ken Johnson becomes 1st major league pitcher to
     lose a 9 inning no-hitter, Reds win 1-0
1963 Jerry Bock & S Harnick's musical "She Loves Me," premieres in NYC
1962 NY Mets win their 1st game ever, after going 0-9, beat Pirates 9-1
1962 Ranger 4, 1st US satellite to reach Moon launched from Cape Canaveral
1960 1st performance of Ferde Grof*'s "San Francisco Suite"
1959 1st heliport in Britain opens in London
1956 US Supreme court ends race segregation on buses
1954 Hammerin' Hank Aaron hits 1st of his 755 homers
1954 NBA adopts 24 second shot clock rule
1953 KTAR (now KPNX) TV channel 12 in Phoenix, AZ (NBC) begins broadcasting
1953 WCOV TV channel 20 in Montgomery, AL (IND/CBS) begins broadcasting
1952 NY Giant Hoyt Wilhelm pitches his 1st relief game & hits his only HR
1952 Oil pipeline from Kirkuk to Banias completed
1950 1st major league day game completed under lights (Phils 6, Braves 5)
1950 Detroit Red Wings beat NY Rangers 4 games to 3 for Stanley Cup
1950 Minneapolis beats Syracuse, 4 games to 2, for NBA championship
1950 Nationalist China evacuates Hainan Island
1949 Chinese Red army conquerors Nanjing
1949 Courtesy mail boxes for motorists started in SF
1949 Netherlands annexes Elten & Tudderen
1948 KSTP TV channel 5 in St Paul-Minneapolis, MN (ABC) 1st broadcast
1946 Bkln Dodger Ed Head no-hits Boston Braves, 5-0
1945 Concentration camp Flossenb*rg freed
1945 US troops in Italy cross river Po
1943 British & US offensive directed at Tunis/Bizerta
1942 4-day allied bombing on Rostock begins
1942 Luftwaffe bombs Exeter
1941 Greece Army surrenders to German Nazis
     RAF brings Greek king George II to Egypt
1940 Dance hall fires kills 198 (Natchez Miss)
1940 NY Yankees dedicate a plaque to Jacob Rupert
1939 1st performance of B*la Bart*k's 2nd Concerto for violin
1939 Boston Red Sox Ted Williams hits his 1st HR
1938 Sudeten Germans in Czechoslovakia demand self government
1936 M Laugier discovers asteroid #1651 Behrens
1933 Dovo soccer team forms in Veenendaal
1932 Shakespeare Memorial Theatre opens at Stratford-on-Avon
1930 H Van Gent discovers asteroids #1225 Ariane & #1267 Geertruida
1925 1st London performance of operetta "Fasquita" staged
1925 Pastor LH Perquin forms Union of Catholic Dutch Radio (KRO) forms
1924 British Empire Exhibition opens at Wembley
1924 London: king George V opens British Empire Exposition
1921 Charles Paddock runs world record 100m (10.4 secs)
1920 Turkish Grand National Assembly 1st meets, in Ankara
1918 Battle of Zeebrugge ends
1918 Dover Patrol overthrows Germany U-boat in East Sea
1918 National Urban League forms
1916 Lord Dunsany's "Night at an Inn," premieres in NYC
1915 ACA becomes National Advisory Council on Aeronautics (NACA)
1910 International Exhibition opens in Brussels
1908 Denmark, Germany, Engld, France, Neth & Sweden signs North Sea accord
1904 American Academy of Arts & Letters forms
1903 NY Highlanders (Yankees) win their 1st game beating Wash Senators 7-2
1900 1st know occurrence of word "hillbillie" (NY Journal)
1896 Premier of motion pictures (Koster & Bial's Music Hall, NYC)
1896 Vitascope system of movie projection 1st demonstrated (NYC)
1891 Jews are expelled from Moscow Russia
1883 John Heemskerk Azn forms Dutch govt
1881 Gilbert & Sullivan's opera "Patience" produced in London
1878 1st Dutch test drive of steam tram
1871 Blossom Rock in SF Bay blown up
1867 Queen Victoria & Napoleon III turn down plans for a channel tunnel
1864 Battle of Cane River, LA (Red River Expedition, Monett's Ferry)
1861 Arkansas troops seize Ft Smith
1861 Battle of San Antonio, TX
1860 Dem convention in Charleston SC divided over slavery
1838 English steamship "Great Western" crossing Atlantic docks in NYC
1826 Missolonghi captured by Turks
1798 Dutch emperor accepts new Constitution
1795 William Hastings acquitted in England of high treason
1789 President George Washington moves into Franklin House, NY
1775 Opera "Il R* Pastore" is produced (Salzburg)
1723 Cornelis Steenoven elected archbishop of Utrecht
1705 Richard Steele's "Tender Husband," premieres in London
1662 Connecticut chartered as an English colony
1661 English king Charles II crowned in London
1633 Sweden & Protestant German monarchy form Union of Heilbronn
1616 Netherlands buys De Briel/Vlissingen/Fort Rammekens from England
1504 King Maximilian I routes troops to Bavaria
1501 Portuguese navigator Pedro Cabral & 6 ships return to Lisbon
1500 Pedro Cabral lands & annexes Brazil (Terra da Vera Cruz)
1348 1st English order of knighthood founded (Order of Garter)
1154 Damascus surrenders to sultan Nur ad-Din van Aleppo
1014 King Brian Boru of Ireland beats Danes at Battle of Clontarf


Other Occasions...

     [Ancient Rome] Vinalia (grape harvest)
     [US] National Secretary Day


Celebrations...

     [Bermuda] Peppercorn Day
     [England] St George's Day
     [Turkey] National Sovereignty Day/Children's Day (1923)


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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T.I.H. for Tuesday April 22nd, 2003

Peach Post — Mon, 21 Apr 2003 04:00:24 GMT

                              Today In History
        Tuesday April 22nd, 2003 -- Day Number: 112 - Days left: 253


Those born today...

1985 Lauri Hendler, Ft Belvoir Va, actress (Julie-Gimme a Break)
1980 Aaron Metchnik, Santa Barbara Calif, actor (Stephen-Torkelsons)
1975 St*n Haeldermans, Belgian soccer player (MVV)
1974 Georgia Goettmann, model (Cosmo-May 1995)
1972 Anna Falchi, Tampera Finland, actress (La Dolce Vita '90)
1972 Sabine Appelmans, Aalst Belgium, tennis star (1995 Zagreb)
197- Scott Nemes, actor (Grant Schumacker-It's Garry Shandling)
1969 Craig Logan, Scotland, rock bassist (Bros Front, Bon Jovi-New Jersey)
1968 Carlos Costa, Spain, tennis star
1968 Vernell Coles, basketball player (Olympic-bronze-1988)
1967 Sheryl Lee, Boulder Colo, actress (Twin Peaks, Love Lies & Murder)
1964 Chris Makepeace, Toronto, actor (Vamp, My Bodyguard, Meatballs, Oasis)
1961 Byron Allen, LA Calif, comedian (Real People, Byron Allen Show)
1961 Jeff Hostetler, NFL QB (NY Giants, 1990 Superbowl)
1960 Loyd Honeyghan, English welterweight boxing champ (1986)
1958 Ken Olandt,
1957 Ethel White, WBL guard (NY Stars)
1956 Catherine Mary Stewart, Edmonton, actress (Passion & Paradise)
1955 Arthur Baker, rock producer (Afrika Banbaataa-Planet Rock)
1954 Joseph Bottoms, Santa Barbara Cal, actor (Surfacing, Blind Date)
1954 Marilyn Chambers, XXX actress (Behind the Green Door, Insatiable)
1950 Lewis Biggs, curator (Tate Gallery-North Liverpool)
1950 Peter Frampton, Kent Engld, guitarist/vocalist (Frampton Comes Alive)
1949 Spencer Haywood, Silver City Ms, NBAer (Oly-gold-1968, Knicks)
1948 Carole Drinkwater, actress (Father, All Creatures Great & Small)
1947 Barry Guy, composer
1946 Archy Kirkwood, MP (L-D)
1946 Dectuplets, Bacacay Brazil, 8 males & 2 females
1946 John Waters, director (Hairspray)
1945 Alan Dukes, Irish leader (Fine Gael)
1945 Donald Graham, US businessman(?)
1945 Giel*n Escher, Dutch postage stamp artist
1945 Robert Key, MP/British undersecretary for National Heritage
1944 Joshua Rifkin, composer
1943 Mel Carter, rocker
1939 Jason Miller, Scranton PA, actor/writer (Exorcist, Light of Day)
1938 Alan Bond, tycoon/yachtsman
1937 Bobbi Fiedler, (Rep-R-CA, 1981-  )
1937 David Summerscale, head master (Westminster School England)
1937 Jack Nicholson, NJ, actor (One Flew Over Cuckoo's Nest, Shining)
1937 Kenneth Palmer, cricket umpire
1935 Christopher Ball, linguist/warden (Keble College-Oxford)
1935 Glen Campbell, Delight Ark, actor/singer (Time I Get to Phoenix)
1934 9th viscount Portman, British large landowner/multi-millionaire
1934 John K Barlow, English rubberplanter/financier/multi-millionaire
1934 Nico Ladenis, restauranteur
1934 Viscount Portman, Britsh landowner/multimillionaire
1933 John A Llewellyn, Cardiff Wales, astronaut
1933 Robin Hutton, merchant banker
1932 Michael Colgrass, Chicago Illinois, composer (Best Wishes)
1931 Henk Gortzak, Dutch 2nd chamber member (CPN/PSP)
1931 Robert Dickson, Canada, ice hockey player (1948)
1931 Ronald Hynd, British choreographer
1931 Siem Devout, Dutch actor
1929 Margaret Pereira, forensic scientist
1929 Michael Atiyah, educator (Trinity College - Cambridge England)
1929 Robert Wade-Gery, diplomat/exec director (Barclays de Zoete Wedd)
1928 Aaron Spelling, TV executive producer (Charlie's Angels)
1927 Pascal Bentoiu, composer
1926 Bob Flannigan, Greencastle Ind, singer (4 Freshmen)
1926 Charlotte Rae, Milwaukee Wisc, actress (Edna-Facts of Life)
1926 James Stirling, Scottish D-day-parachutist/architect/knight
1925 George Cole, London England, actor (Minder, Vampire Lovers)
1923 Betty Page, Kingsport Tn, playmate (Jan, 1955)/model (Dark Angel)
1923 Hugh Lloyd, actor (Punch & Judy Man, Dunroamin' Rising)
1923 Paula Fox, US children's books author (Poor George)
1923 Peter Bowring, CEO (C T Bowring)
1922 Charles Mingus, Arizona, jazz bassist (Pithecanthropus Erectus)
1922 Lou Stein, Phila Pa, pianist (Tonight! America After Dark)
1922 Richard C Diebenkorn Jr, US, painter (Ocean Park Paintings)
1920 Hal March, SF Calif, actor/TV host ($64,000 Question, Outrage)
1920 Jos de Haes, Flemish philological/poet (Misery of the Word)
1919 Donald Cram, US, biochemist (Nobel 1987)
1917 Leo Abse, biographer/MP
1917 Mile Yvette Chauvir*, ballerina assoluta
1917 Sidney Nolan, Australia, painter/illustrator (Ned Kelly)
1916 Earl of Oxford & Asquith, governor (Seychelles)
1916 Yehudi Menuhin, NYC, violinist/conductor (Bartok's Sonata)
1915 Dick Dudley, Tenn, TV host (Village Barn)
1915 Lord Airedale, British social democrat
1914 Charles Hubert Sisson, author/poet (Christopher Homm)
1914 Jan de Hartog, Dutch/English writer (Holland's Glory)
1912 Gavalda Miguel Querol, composer
1912 Kathleen Mary Ferrier, England, contralto (Orfeo Ed Evridice)
1910 Eric Scowen, physician
1910 R J Ritchie, tennis player
1909 Ralph Byrd, Dayton Ohio, actor (Dick Tracy TV Show)
1908 Eddie Albert, [Heimberger], Rock Island Il, actor (Oliver-Green Acres)
1906 Eric William Fenby, composer/president (Delius Society)
1904 J[ulius] Robert Oppenheimer, head of Manhattan (A-bomb) Project
1902 Megan Lloyd George, English politician
19-- Alan Campbell, Homestead Fla, actor (E Z-3's a Crowd)
19-- Brooke McCarter, actress (Thrashin')
19-- Mark Davis, rocker (Ugly Kid Joe-Mad Man, Too Bad)
19-- Steve Bond, Haifa Israel, actor (General Hospital, To Die For)
1899 Martyn Green, London, actor (Gilbert & Sullivan, Iceman Cometh)
1892 Nikolai Obouhov, composer
1891 Belle Bennett, Milcoon Rapids IA, actress (Stella Dallas, Iron Mask)
1891 Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev, composer
1884 Armas Emmanuel Launis, composer
1884 John van Capel, oldest man in Netherlands (Dies Sept 3, 1992)
1884 Otto Rank, [Rosenfeld], Austria psychoanalysis (K*nstler)
1878 Kitty Gordon, Folkestone England, entertainer
1876 O E R*lvaag, Norwegian-American novelist (Giants in the Earth)
1876 Robert B*r*ny, Sweden, otologist, vestibular expert (Nobel 1914)
1873 Ellen Anderson Glasgow, US, novelist (Ancient Law, Pulitzer-1942)
1870 Nikolai Lenin, [Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov], Bolshevik/USSR revolutionist
1868 Jose Vianna da Motta, composer
1866 Hans von Seeckt, German general (Future of the Reich)
1863 Cornelis A J van Dishoeck, Dutch publisher
1858 Ethel Mary Smyth, composer
1856 [Marie] Louise Hens, Flemish actress (Two Orphans)
1854 Henri-Marie Lafontaine, Belgium, international lawyer (Nobel 1913)
1853 Alphonse Bertillon, France, anthropologist, devised crime ID system
1839 August W Eichler, German botanist
1832 Julius Sterling Morton, Nebraska, (Gov-Neb), started Arbor Day
1831 Alexander McDowell McCook, Major General (Union volunteers)
1828 Guilherme Antonio Cossoul, composer
1827 William Hopkins Morris, Major General (Union volunteers), died in 1900
1823 Alfred Gibbs, Major General (Union Army), died in 1868
1818 Cadwallader Colden Washburn, Major General (Union volunteers)
1816 Philip James Bailey, English poet (Festus)
1799 Jean Poiseuille, physician/physiologist (blood pressure)
1781 Christian Friedrich Hermann Uber, composer
1775 Georg Hermes, German philosopher/theologist (Hermenianen)
1773 Jean V baron de Rebecque, Swiss/Dutch army leader
1766 Madame de Sta*l, Swiss-French belle-lettrist (An Extraordinary Woman)
1724 Immanuel Kant, Germany, philosopher (Critique of Pure Reason)
1707 Henry Fielding, England, novelist (Joseph Andrews, Tom Jones)
1690 John Carteret, Earl Granville (C), English chief minister (1722-42)
1682 Willem I Kerricx the Young, Flemish architect/sculptor/painter
1658 Giuseppe Torelli, Italy, composer (Concert Grossi op 8)
1640 Mariana Alcoforado, Portugal, nun
1610 Alexander VIII, [Pietro Ottoboni], Italy, lawyer/Pope (1689-91)
1515 Antoine van Bourbon, duke of Vend*me/king of Navarra
1451 Isabella I, of Castile, Queen of Spain (1479-1504), patron of Columbus
1357 Johan I, King of Portugal (1383-1433)


Those who died today...

1994 D Nauta, theologist/church historian/lawyer, dies at 96
1994 Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th President (1969-75), dies at 81 of stroke
1993 Andries Treurnicht, founder S Afr Conservative Party, dies at 72
1993 Cesar Chavez, US farm worker (United Farm Workers), dies at 66
1993 Mark Koenig, baseball shortstop (NY Yankees), dies at 88
1992 Billy Wayne White, murderer, executed in Texas, at 34
1992 Joop [Joseph] van Santen, Dutch 1st Chamber member (CPN), dies
1992 Youcca Troubatzkoy, actress (Flower of the Night), dies
1990 Bertil Unger, actor, dies
1989 Huey Newton, US, Black Panther leader, shot dead at 47
1988 Irene Rich, US actress (Beau Brumell, Champ), dies at 96
1984 Ansel Adams, US photographer, dies at 82
1983 Earl "Fatha" Hines, US, jazz pianist/conductor, dies
1983 Walter Slezak, actor (Bedtime For Bonzo), commits suicide in NY at 80
1982 Melville Bell Grosvenor, pres (Natl Geographic Society), dies at 80
1981 Brailsford Reese Brazeal, dean (Morehouse College), dies at 76
1980 Jane Froman, singer (Jane Froman's USA Canteen), dies at 72
1978 Will Geer, actor (Grandpa Walton-Waltons), dies at 75
1977 Charles Sanford, orch leader (Your Show of Shows), dies at 71
1976 Frutuoso de Lima Viana, composer, dies at 79
1975 Mary Philips, actress (Farewell to Arms), dies at 75
1967 Tom Conway, actor (Mark Saber, Betty Hutton Show), dies at 62
1962 Solomon Pimsleur, composer, dies at 61
1962 Vera Reynolds, actress (Dragnet Patrol, Lawless Woman), dies at 62
1961 Maria Radulphus, [Adrian Hermus], Cura*ao school inspector, dies at 91
1957 Ignatius Roy D Campbell, British poet (Garcia Lorca), dies at 54
1951 Stanley Ridges, actor (possessed, Sgt York, Mr Ace), dies at 59
1950 Charles H Houston, architect of NAACP legal campaign, dies at 54
1946 Harlan Fiske Stone, Chief Justice Supreme Court (1941-46), dies at 73
1946 Lionel Atwill, actor (Capt Blood, Great Waltz), dies at 61
1945 K*the Kollwitz, German graphic artist, dies at 77
1944 Mezio Agostini, composer, dies at 68
1933 Frederick Henry Royce, motorcar pioneer, dies
1930 Jeppe Aakj*r, Danish journalist/author/poet (Rugens sange), dies at 63
1929 Odon Peter Jozsef de Mihalovich, composer, dies at 86
1925 Andre Caplet, composer, dies at 46
1908 Henry Campbell-Bannerman, British premier (1905-08), dies
1901 William Stubbs, historian/bishop, dies
1892 Edouard Lalo, composer, dies at 69
1883 Octave Fouque, composer, dies at 38
1878 Top Naeff, [Anthonetta van Rh*n-N], writer, dies
1865 Francis Washburn, US Union-colonel/gen-major, dies of injuries
1864 Joseph Gilbert Totten, US Union general-major, dies at 76
1844 Henri-Montan Berton, composer, dies at 76
1833 Richard Trevithick, inventor (steam locomotive), dies at 62
1830 Knud L Rahbek, Danish literary, dies at 69
1827 Thomas Rowlandson, cartoonist, dies
1821 John Crome, [Old Crome], English landscape painter/etcher, dies at 52
1788 Zacharias H Alewijn, poet, dies at 46
1782 Josef Ferdinand Norbert Seger, composer, dies at 66
1778 James Hargreaves, inventor (spinning jenny), dies
1776 Johann Adolph Scheibe, German music theroist/composer, dies at 67
1722 Pieter Erberfeld, German/Thais merchant on Java, dies
1699 Hans A Freiherr von Abschatz, poet, dies
1677 Wenzel E F*rst von Lobkowitz, Austria chancellor (16..-74), dies at 68
1672 Georg Stiernhielm, Swed scholar/author/poet (Hercules), dies at 73
1662 John Tradescant, gardener, dies
1648 Catharina Belgian van Nassau, daughter of Willem, dies at 69
1592 Bartolommeo Ammanati, Italian sculptor/architect, dies at 80
1521 Juan de Padilla, Spanish nobleman/communero-rebel, beheaded
1462 Gilbert of Lannoy, master of Villerval/Tronchiennes/Santes, dies
1355 Eleonora Plantagenet, daughter of King Eduard II, dies at 36
1253 Elias van Cortona, Italian general (1232-39), dies at about 53
 536 Agapitus I, Italian Pope (535-36), dies


Things that happened today...

1994 7,000 Tutsi's slaughtered in stadium of Kibuye Rwanda
1994 B*rge Ousland reaches North pole
1994 Ice skater Tonya Harding sues ex-husband Jeff Gillooly for $42,500
1994 Michael Moorer beats Hollyfield to become 1st lefty HW boxing champ
1994 Schelto Patijn appointed mayor of Amsterdam
1993 Seattle Mariner Chris Basio no-hits Boston Red Sox
1992 Gas explodes in sewer, kills 200 in Guadalajara Mexico
1992 Holocaust Museum dedicated in Washington DC
1992 Richter 6 Earthquake in California
1991 Earthquake strikes Costa Rica & Panama, kills 95
1991 Intel releases 486SX chip
1991 Johnny Carson announces he will retire next year from Tonight Show
1991 Shalom America (Jewish cable network) is launched in Brooklyn & Queens
1990 Lebanon releases hostage Robert Polhill
1989 Nolan Ryan strikes out his 5,000th batter (Rickey Henderson)
1988 Women are allowed to compete in Little 500 bicycle race
     in Bloomington, Indiana, for 1st time
1987 Sri Lanka Air Force bomb Tamil, 100s killed
1986 Consumer Price Index drops .04% for 2nd month in a row
1986 US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1983 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1983 Rangers 2-Isles 5-Patrick Div Finals-Isles win series 4-2
1983 Soyuz T-8 returns to Earth
     Stern mag announces major historical find-discovery of 60 volume
     personal diaries written by Adolph Hitler (turned out to be a hoax)
1982 Atlanta Braves lose after winning 1st 13 games of season
1982 Launch of STS-3-Lousma & Fullerton [03/23]
1981 10,000 copper workers in Chile strike
1981 Almost 1 million West German metal workers in strike
1981 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1979 Mick Jaggar & Keith Richards give a benefit concert in Canada
1977 Simon Peres becomes premier of Israel
1976 Barbara Walters becomes 1st female nightly network news anchor
1976 Director Ingmar Bergman leaves Sweden due to taxation
1975 Penguins 2-Isles 4-Quarterfinals-Penguins hold 3-2 lead
1974 Barbara Walters becomes news co-anchor of Today Show
1974 C Torres discovers asteroid #2976 Lautaro
1972 Apollo astronauts John Young & Charles Duke ride on Moon
1971 Soyuz 10 launched
1970 1st Earth Day held internationally to conserve natural resources
1970 Flat Earth celebrated
1970 NY Met Jerry Grote sets record of 20 put outs by a catcher
1970 NY Met Tom Seaver strikes out last 10 Padres, for a total of 19
1970 Senators beat Yankees 2-1 in 18 innings
1969 Joe Frazier KOs Dave Zygiewicz in 1:36
1969 Robin Knox-Johnston ends 312 day non-stop sailing
1967 Martial Law goes into effect in Greece
1966 Atlanta Braves win their 1st game, beating NY Mets 8-4
1966 USSR performs underground nuclear test
1964 Tanganyika & Zanzibar form republic Tanzania
1964 World's Fair (Flushing Meadow, Corona Park, NY) opens
1962 Tor Maple Leafs beat Black Hawks 4 games to 2 for Stanley Cup
1961 Uprising of French parachutist of Gen Salan/Challe in Algeria
1959 Yankee Whitey Ford strikes-out 15, beating Senators, 1-0 in 14 innings
     Chicago White Sox beat KC Athletics 20-6, in 1 inning Sox score 11
     runs on 1 hit, 10 walks, & 3 errors
1955 Congress orders all US coins bear motto "In God We Trust"
1955 KC Athletic's 1st game, beat Tigers 6-2
1954 Achiel van Acker forms Belgian govt
1954 NBA adopts 24-second shot clock & 6 team-foul rule
1954 Senate Army-McCarthy televised hearings began
1954 USSR joins UNESCO
1952 1st atomic explosion on network news, Nob, Nevada
1952 Eug*ne Ionesco's "Les Chaises," premieres in NYC
1951 Ticker-tape parade for General MacArthur in NYC
1948 WTVR TV channel 6 in Richmond, VA (CBS) begins broadcasting
1947 Philadelphia beats Chicago, 4 games to 2, for 1st NBA championship
1946 SED, Sozialistic Einheitspartei Deutschlands, party forms
1945 Concentration Camp at Sachsenhausen liberated
1945 Toronto Maple Leafs beat Det Red Wings 4 games to 3 for Stanley Cup
1944 Allies land near Hollandia, New-Guinea
1944 Hitler & Mussolini meet at Salzburg
1943 German counter attack in North-Tunisia
1943 RAF shoots down 14 German transport planes over Mediterranean Sea
1941 Y Vaisala discovers asteroid #1567 Alikoski
1940 Rear Adm Joseph Taussig testifies before US Senate Naval Affairs
     Committee that war with Japan is inevitable (He was right)
1937 NYC college students stage 4th annual peace strike
1933 Dutch govt forbids leftwing radio address
1931 Egypt & Iraq sign peace treaty
1930 H Van Gent discovers asteroid #1226 Golia
1930 US, Britain & Japan agree to reduce naval forces
1927 1st performance of Roger Sessions' Symphony in E
1927 K Reinmuth discovers asteroid #1209 Pumma
1926 Persia, Turkey & Afghanistan sign treaties of security
1925 K Reinmuth discovers asteroids #1042 Amazone & #1043 Beate
1924 Hague Chambers of Commerce forms
1922 South Ossetian Autonomous Region forms in Georgian SSR
1915 1st military use of poison gas (chlorine, by Germany) in WW I
1915 2nd Battle of Ypres begins
1915 Yankees don pinstripes & hat-in-the-ring logo for 1st time
1914 Mexico ends diplomatic relations with US
1913 Montenegro troops march into Skoetari, North-Albania
1911 H E Wood discovers asteroid #715 Transvaalia
1909 A Kopff discovers asteroid #680 Genoveva
1906 10th anniversary Olympic games open at Athens, Greece
1905 Operations begin uniting conservatory of Nature monument Amsterdam
1903 American Power Boat Association forms
1903 NY Highlanders (Yankees) 1st game, Senators win 3-1 before 11,950
1898 1st Spanish-American War action: USS Nashville, takes enemy ship
1898 Baltimore James Hughes no-hits Boston Braves 8-0
1898 Cincinnati Red Theodore Breitenstein no-hits Pirates 11-0
1898 US President McKinley orders blockade of Cuban harbors
1898 US gunboat Nashville defeats Spanish ship Buena Ventura
1897 NYC Jewish newspaper "Forward" begins publishing (still active)
1893 Francis Dhanis army occupies Kasongo
1893 Paul Kruger elected president of Transvaal for 3rd time
1889 Oklahoma land rush officially started; some were "sooner"
1884 Thomas Stevens starts 1st bike trip around world (2 yrs 9 mos)
1884 US recognizes King Leopold II's Congo Free State
1876 1st NL game, Boston Braves beat Phila Athletics 6-5
1876 Tsjaikovski completes his "Zwanenmeer" ballet
1864 US mints 2* coin (1st appearance of "In God We Trust")
1861 Robert E Lee named commander of Virginia forces
1838 English steamship "Sirius" docks in NYC after Atlantic crossing
1823 Baltic Club (Exchange) forms in London
1817 Cura*ao prohibits use of white paint due to fierce sunlight
1809 Battle at Eckm*hl - Napoleon beats Austria arch duke Karl
1804 Gioacchino Rossini (12) goes up in Imola
1796 Napoleon defeats Piedmontese at Battle of Mondovi
1769 Madame du Barry becomes King Louis XV's "official" mistress
1728 Pierre de Marivaux' "Le Triomphe de Plutus," premieres in Paris
1722 Batavia: 19 "komplotteurs" through VOC executed
1677 Battle at Catania: between French & Dutch fleet
1676 Battle of Etna - Neth/Spain vs France, M de Ruyter fatally wounded
1674 Netherlands & M*nster sign peace treaty
1671 King Charles II sits in on English parliament
1662 Royal Society incorporates
1659 Lord protector Cromwell disbands English parliament
1648 English army claims king Charles I responsible for bloodshed
1529 Treaty of Saragosa: Spain & Portugal divide eastern hemisphere
1526 1st slave revolt occurs in SC
1521 French king Fran*ois I declares war on Spain
1509 Henry VIII ascended to throne of England
1500 Pedro Alvarez Cabral discovers Brazil & claims it for Portugal
1370 Bastille begins being built in Paris
1164 Raynald of Dassel names Guido di Crema as anti-pope Paschalis III
1145 19th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet
1073 Pope Alexander II buried/Ildebrando chosen as Pope Gregory VII
1056 Supernova Crab nebula last seen by the naked eye
 687 -BC- Chinese record a meteor shower in Lyra
 536 St Agapitus I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
 296 St Gaius ends his reign as Catholic Pope


Other Occasions...

     [Earth] Earth Day (since 1970)


Celebrations...

     [Brazil] Discovery Day (1500)
     [Nebraska] Arbor Day, where they created it (1872)
     [Oklahoma] Oklahoma Day (1889)
     [Spain, US] Queen Isabella Day
     [USSR] Lenin's Birthday (1870)


     ******************************************************************
     * Today in History is brought to you by The Rockford Files BBS.  *
     * Programming by Gordon Shumway - CoSysop                        *
     * Today Data Files by Bruce Goldman. Updated by Gordon Shumway.  *
     ******************************************************************



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